Evaluasi Jamur Antagonis dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Rigidoporus microporus Penyebab Penyakit Jamur Akar Putih pada Tanaman Karet

Amaria, Widi; Harni, Rita; Samsudin, Samsudin

doi:10.21082/jtidp.v2n1.2015.p51-60

Cited by 19 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Aplikasi T. harzianum pada potongan akar yang terinfeksi R. lignosus mengakibatkan pemulihan akar hingga 72% jika akar terinfeksi ringan, sementara jika terinfeksi berat hanya dapat memulihkan kondisi akar sebesar 23.6% (Jayasuriya dan Thenaakkon 2007). Hypocrea atroviridis yang diisolasi dari perkebunan karet di Sumatra dapat menghambat pertumbuhan patogen sebesar 77.93% pada 7 hari setelah inokulasi (Amaria et al 2015). C. cupreum yang diformulasikan dalam bentuk tepung dan minyak mampu mengurangi insidensi penyakit akar putih pada karet sebesar 60−80% (Soytong dan Kaewchai 2014).…”

Section: Pembahasanunclassified

Kemampuan Mikrob Endofit dan Rizosfer Tanaman Karet dalam Mengendalikan Rigidoporus lignosus

Hardiyanti¹,

Soekarno²,

Yuliani³

2018

J Fitopatol Indones

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ABSTRAKRigidoporus lignosus merupakan patogen penting pada tanaman karet yang mengakibatkan penyakit akar putih. Penggunaan mikrob antagonis merupakan salah satu teknik pengendalian yang direkomendasikan untuk patogen ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh agens hayati dari dalam jaringan akar dan rizosfer tanaman karet yang berpotensi mengendalikan R. lignosus. Tahapan penelitian terdiri atas isolasi mikrob endofit dan rizosfer dari tanaman karet, uji patogenisitas, seleksi secara in vitro, pengujian secara in vivo, pengujian pelarut fosfat dan pengikat nitrogen, dan identifikasi. Sebanyak 99 isolat bakteri dan 18 isolat cendawan nonpatogen berhasil diisolasi dari akar dan rizosfer tanaman karet. Berdasarkan pengujian in vitro dan in vivo diperoleh 2 isolat bakteri dan 3 isolat cendawan yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan R. lignosus, yaitu bakteri endofit ME8, bakteri rizosfer MR3, cendawan endofit CB8, CB6, dan CL3. Bakteri endofit ME8 mampu melarutkan fosfat dan memfiksasi nitrogen. Bakteri rizosfer MR3 hanya mampu memfiksasi nitrogen. Berdasarkan karakter morfologinya, isolat CB8 teridentifikasi sebagai hifa steril, CB6 sebagai Chaetomium sp., dan CL3 sebagai Penicillium sp. Berdasarkan perunutan gen 16S rRNA, bakteri ME8 memiliki kekerabatan dengan Bacillus siamensis B268, dan bakteri MR3 memiliki kekerabatan dengan B. amylolyquifaciens SXAU001. Mikrob endofit dan rizosfer yang telah diisolasi dari tanaman karet memiliki potensi sebagai agens hayati untuk mengendalikan R. lignosus.Kata kunci: fiksasi nitrogen, mikrob antagonis, pelarut fosfat, penyakit akar putih ABSTRACTRigidoporus lignosus is the most important pathogen of rubber tree which causes white root rot disease. The use of antagonistic microbe is recommended to control this pathogen. This research was conducted to isolate endophytic and rhizospheric microbes, and to study their ability to inhibit growth of R. lignosus. Research consisted of isolation of endophytic and rhizospheric microbes, pathogenicity test, in vitro and in vivo assays, growth promotion assays, and identification. There were 99 isolates of bacteria and 18 isolates of fungi isolated from the root and rhizosphere of rubber trees. In vitro and in vivo assay showed that 2 bacterial isolates, i.e. endophytic bacteria ME8, and rhizospheric bacteria MR3; and 3 fungal isolates, i.e. endophytic fungi CB8, CB6, and CL3 were able to inhibit the growth of R. lignosus. Endophytic bacteria ME8 showed the ability of solibilizing phosphate and fixing nitrogen. Rhizospheric bacteria MR3 showed the ability of solubilizing phosphate. The isolates CB6 and CL3 were very similar with Chaetomium sp. and Penicillium sp., respectively based on morphological characters; while CB8 was identified as mycelial sterile. Based on 16S rRNA sequences, endophytic bacterium ME8 and rhizospheric bacteria ME3 were identified as Bacillus siamensis B268 and B.

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Section: Pembahasanunclassified

Kemampuan Mikrob Endofit dan Rizosfer Tanaman Karet dalam Mengendalikan Rigidoporus lignosus

Hardiyanti¹,

Soekarno²,

Yuliani³

2018

J Fitopatol Indones

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“…Percobaan dilaksanakan di laboratorium dan rumah kasa Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar (Balittri), Sukabumi, mulai Juni sampai Desember 2014. Isolat Trichoderma yang digunakan adalah T. virens dan T. amazonicum, merupakan koleksi Balittri yang telah diuji keefektifannya secara in vitro dan in vivo terhadap patogen R. microporus pada tanaman karet (Amaria et al, 2013;Amaria & Wardiana, 2014;Amaria, Harni, & Samsudin, 2015;Amaria et al, 2016). Isolat patogen yang digunakan adalah R. microporus yang berasal dari Balai Penelitian Sembawa, Pusat Penelitian Karet, Palembang.…”

Section: Bahan Dan Metodeunclassified

Pengaruh Dosis dan Frekuensi Aplikasi Biofungisida Trichoderma terhadap Infeksi Rigidoporus microporus pada Benih Karet

Amaria

Harni

Wardiana

2018

J. tanam. industri dan penyegar

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Biological agents Trichoderma virens and T. amazonicum have been developed and examined for their effectiveness through in vitro and in vivo approaches against Rigidoporus microporus, the cause of white root disease (WRD) in rubber. The effectiveness of these bio-agents can be determined by testing the dosage and frequency of Trichoderma spp. biofungicide application. The research aimed to investigate the effective dose and application frequency of Trichoderma spp. biofungicide on R. microporus infection in rubber seedling. The experiment was conducted in laboratory and screen house of Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute (IIBCRI), Sukabumi, from June to December 2014. A randomized block design was used with 14 treatments and 3 replications, i.e biofungicide combination (T. virens and T. amazonicum), dosage (25, 50, and 75 g), application frequencies (1 and 2 times application), and two controls (positive and negative). Rubber seedlings used were propellegitiem seeds of GT1 clone planted in polybags. Trichoderma spp. was multiplied using fermentation method in liquid medium, whereas biofungicide was formulated using talc as carrier. Observed variables including Trichoderma spp. population number, incubation period, attack intensity, and WRD attack suppression. The results showed that T. virens and T. amazonicum biofungicides with 50 g/plant dose at one application was the most effective and efficient in suppressing R. microporus development on rubber seedlings. The type, dosage, and frequencies of application increased Trichoderma spp. population in soil, prolonged the pathogen’s incubation period, decreased WRD attack intensity, and suppress the attack of WRD disease.

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“…Hasil penelitian Santhosh (2015) menunjukkan bahwa penambahan gliserol dapat meningkatkan daya simpan biofertilizer pada media cair sampai 6 bulan. Hasil penelitian Sriram, Palanna, & Ramanujam (2010) dan Sriram et al (2011) (Amaria, Taufiq, & Harni, 2013;Amaria & Wardiana, 2014;Amaria, Harni, & Samsudin, 2015).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Pengaruh Penambahan Gliserol pada Media Perbanyakan terhadap Daya Simpan Biofungisida Trichoderma

Amaria¹,

Ferry²,

Samsudin³

et al. 2016

J. Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar

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The storage longevity of biofungicide containing Trichoderma virens and T. amazonicum to controll the whithe root diseases (WRD) in rubber plants is important to know to remain effective when applied. The composition of the multiplication medium in the T. virens dan and T. amazonicum biofungicide can affect the longevity and viability of conidia during storage. The objective of the research was to determine the effect of glycerol addition in the multiplication medium of T. virens and T. amazonicum biofungicide during storage. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Protection, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute (IIBCRI), Sukabumi, from January to July 2014. The experiment used a completely randomized design with 8 treatments and 3 replications. The biofungicidal formula consisted of: (1) glycerol addition (0%, 3%, 6%, and 9%) in the multiplication medium of T. virens and (2) glycerol addition (0%, 3%, 6%, and 9%) in the multiplication medium of T. amazonicum. Each multiplication was mixed with a carrier (talc), dried, then packed in a plastic bag and stored for 4 months. Observations were carried out each month, including: the amount of conidia, Trichoderma sp. population, and water content. The results showed that the addition of glycerol to multiplication medium was able to maintain the viability of T. virens and T. amazonicum and the storage longevity of the biofungicide. The addition of 6% to 9% glycerol in the multiplication medium of T. virens and T. amazonicum showed the highest concentration, yielding conidia up to 7.98 x 107 – 8.59 x 107 conidia/g and population abundance of 11.67 x 103 – 14.67 x 103 cfu/g in biofungicide stored for 4 months.

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Evaluasi Jamur Antagonis dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Rigidoporus microporus Penyebab Penyakit Jamur Akar Putih pada Tanaman Karet

Cited by 19 publications

References 14 publications

Kemampuan Mikrob Endofit dan Rizosfer Tanaman Karet dalam Mengendalikan Rigidoporus lignosus

Kemampuan Mikrob Endofit dan Rizosfer Tanaman Karet dalam Mengendalikan Rigidoporus lignosus

Pengaruh Dosis dan Frekuensi Aplikasi Biofungisida Trichoderma terhadap Infeksi Rigidoporus microporus pada Benih Karet

Pengaruh Penambahan Gliserol pada Media Perbanyakan terhadap Daya Simpan Biofungisida Trichoderma

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