Evaluating manta ray mucus as an alternative DNA source for population genetics study: underwater-sampling, dry-storage and PCR success

Abstract

13Sharks and rays are increasingly being identified as high-risk species for extinction, 14prompting urgent assessments of their local or regional populations.

Use of mucus as a non‐invasive sampling method for DNA barcoding of stingrays and skates (batoid elasmobranchs)

“…Although the DNA quantity ranged from different values, it was enough to amplify coI region from mucus, such as already observed for others organism such as bony fishes, and elasmobranchs (Kashiwagi et al, 2015;Lieber et al, 2013;Mirimin et al, 2011). In times where populations of sharks and rays are declining worldwide, the increasing of studies considering the development of non-lethal methods can improve genetic monitoring and other conservation strategies for elasmobranchs.…”

“…However, the use of this tool is still very dependent on tissue sampling (e.g., muscle, scale and blood), usually obtained from dead animals in fish markets and fishing vessels or from live animals, with many challenges involving the angling and handling processes, such as physical injuries and pathology due to hook removal or retention, and post-release survivorship (Danylchuck et al, 2014). On the other hand, less invasive procedures for DNA extraction has been tested in a wide variety of vertebrates (including large species of elasmobranchs) to assess information on genetic population, forensic identification, sex determination and genetic diversity (Alvarado Bremer et al, 2014;Hilsdorf et al, 1999;Kashiwagi et al, 2015;Lieber et al, 2013;Presti et al, 2013). Such outcomes demonstrated the feasibility of non-destructive approaches to DNA extraction and its use in different analyses, at a low cost and with a high degree of sensitivity and confidence.…”