“…Furthermore, although there are studies that have examined QM (Camisó n, 1996;Partlow, 1996;Kimes, 2001;Gustafsson et al, 2003;Antony et al, 2004) and EM (Kirk, 1995(Kirk, , 1998Mihalič, 2000;Chan and Ho, 2006;Chan and Wong, 2006) in the context of the hotel industry, the relationships between QM, EM, and performance have not been examined so deeply in the literature relating to the hotel industry in comparison to other industries. In addition, to our knowledge, empirical studies of the effects of the joint commitment to QM and EM practices on firm performance have not been conducted.…”