Evaluating Urban Status of Informal Settlements in Indonesia: A Comparative Analysis of Three Case Studies in North Jakarta

Abstract

Informal settlements have become one of the most important issues facing urban areas in Indonesia. The emergence of informal settlements, called ‘kampungs’, in Jakarta has accompanied the rapid urbanization, and it has become more serious in recent decades. This paper evaluates the urban status of informal settlements in Jakarta. The methods used include a comparative analysis of three case studies in North Jakarta: A. Kampung Bandan; B. Kampung Luar Batang; and C. Kampung Muara Baru. This paper founds that upgrading these settlements must be in accordance with a comprehensive plan that includes priority improvements. The paper proposes integrating the local community into informal area improvement processes because they are aware of their actual needs.

Using open data to detect the structure and pattern of informal settlements: an outset to support inclusive SDGs’ achievement

“…Therefore, streets in Kampung areas are very narrow and mainly suitable for pedestrians or motorcycles (Hidayati, Yamu, & Tan, 2020). In a study of informal settlements in Jakarta, Alzamil (2018) describes the internal roads as "very narrow, winding, and non-paved" in which emergency vehicles cannot commute (Alzamil, 2018). In a similar study, Hidayati et al (2020) have shown that streets with a width of 2 meters or less are an indication of informal settlement (Hidayati et al, 2020) (Figure 6).…”

“…Geometric order in the urban fabric refers to the regular and hierarchal street patterns as well as the consistent building placement and block patterns (Rubinowicz, 2000). Conversely, informal settlements are generally described as irregular forms shaped by residents who do not follow any planning process (Alzamil, 2018), with diverse housing patterns comprising different block sizes and shapes (Jones, 2019). Suhartini and Jones (2020), in a study of informal settlements in Indonesia, argue that the outcome of this self-organisation of the space is a disorder or self-made urban order that is organic with a variety of housing sizes and styles within a settlement (Suhartini & Jones, 2020).…”

“…Indonesia currently has 29 million informal settlement inhabitants who lack access to urban services (The World Bank, 2016). Since 1969, beginning with Jakarta, the largest city and the economic centre of Indonesia (Alzamil, 2018), upgrading the infrastructure in informal settlements has been undertaken under the Kampung Improvement Program (KIP). Informal settlements in Jakarta that are also referred to as "kampung" are of the settling type.…”

Bentuk Hunian Informal: Studi Kasus tentang Hunian Bertahap di Kampung Melayu Semarang

“…Hunian informal tidak mengindahkan adanya kebutuhan masyarakat akan kesehatan, lingkungan, pencahayaan, dan building regulations (Lombard, 2016). Hunian informal juga tidak memperhitungkan kaidah-kaidah standar perencanaan seperti kepadatan bangunan, jaringan jalan, dan ketersediaan fasilitas (Alzamil, 2018). Kurangnya perencanaan menyebabkan kawasan hunian informal menghadapi masalah ketersediaan fasilitas pelayanan, selain itu hunian informal seringkali mengokupansi ruang terbuka untuk menciptakan ruang hunian (Msimang, 2017).…”

Collaboration in Implementation of Kota Tanpa Kumuh (KOTAKU) Program in Palangka Raya City

“…According to Alzamil (2018), his research founds that upgrading these settlements in urban slum must be in accordance with a comprehensive plan that includes priority improvements.…”