Evaluation and comparison of radio-, fluorescence, and enzyme-linked immunoassays for serum thyroxine

Kaplan, Leon; Chen, I.W.; Gau, Nancy; Fearn, J.; Maxon, Harry R.; Volle, C P; Stein, Evan A.

doi:10.1016/s0009-9120(81)91212-1

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In the present study, serum AST, ALT, and ALP activity elevated, indicating apoptosis in erythrocytes and liver necrosis (Kaplan 1988 ). The increased ROS caused by organic solvents can also stimulate apoptosis, which impairs the mitochondrial respiratory chain and affects membrane permeability (Zhang et al 2012 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Haemato-biochemical, mutagenic, and histopathological changes in Oreochromis niloticus exposed to BTX

Sayed

Idriss

Abdel-Ghaffar

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The study of the DNA damage response in erythrocytes after exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can present evidence for its potential effect as genotoxic- biomarkers for environmental pollution. Although VOCs are dangerous pollutants, still little is known about hemotoxic, cytotoxic, and genotoxic effects of such pollutants on fish. We optimized an assay method for apoptosis and DNA damage in erythrocytes of adult tilapia fish after 15 days exposure to benzene (0.762 ng/L), toluene (26.614 ng/L), and xylene (89.403 ng/L). The highest level of apoptosis and DNA damage were recorded in benzene-exposed fish, as was the highest level of histopathological alterations in gills, liver, and kidney. The imbalance of the antioxidants profile explained the stress-case reported in exposed fish. These results suggest that hemotoxic, cytotoxic, genotoxic, and tissue damage were recorded after exposure to BTX in Oreochromis niloticus.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Haemato-biochemical, mutagenic, and histopathological changes in Oreochromis niloticus exposed to BTX

Sayed

Idriss

Abdel-Ghaffar

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…20 In people, the accuracy and precision of enzyme immunoassays were equivalent to radioimmunoassays. 17 Comparing the findings from the current study with other studies might be challenging due to differences in the use of anesthetic protocols and surgery. In veterinary medicine, the only 2 species previously tested are dogs and laboratory rats, and in both, the measured thyroid hormones serum concentration was decreased after isoflurane anesthesia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Influence of Isoflurane Anesthesia on Plasma Thyroxine Concentrations in Black-tailed Prairie Dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus)

Eshar

Gardhouse

Beaufrère

2018

j am assoc lab anim sci

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Anesthesia can affect measured thyroxine (total T4) concentrations in humans and animals, but its effect in black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) has not yet been studied. We used isoflurane to anesthetize 12 prairie dogs for 60 min. Blood samples were obtained from each animal immediately after anesthesia induction and at 30 and 60 min and used for analysis of plasma T4 concentration. The plasma T4 concentration (mean ± 1 SD) was significantly decreased from baseline (3.49 ± 0.52 μg/dL) at both 30 min (3.24 ± 0.52 μg/dL) and 60 min (3.27 ± 0.65 μg/dL) after induction. Compared with baseline, some of the T4 trends were inconsistent between animals, and individual variability in response was responsible for 86% of the overall variability. Regardless of the observed change under isoflurane anesthesia, all measurements in all prairie dogs and at all time points (2.4 to 4.4 μg/dL) were within the reported normal plasma T4 reference range for this species. In conclusion, isoflurane anesthesia appears to cause a significant but inconsistent reduction in plasma T4 concentrations in black-tailed prairie dogs, but because values remain within normal basal levels, the clinical importance of this effect is likely minimal.

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“…RIA, chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) [4,27–29]. Despite, the reasonable correlation among varying assay types [30–31], in order for the present interpretations to be extrapolated to other assays, individual diagnostic laboratories would need to perform similar evaluations using their specific, corresponding TT4 assay.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expected total thyroxine (TT4) concentrations and outlier values in 531,765 cats in the United States (2014–2015)

Lottati

AuCoin²,

Bruyette³

2019

PLoS ONE

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Background Levels exceeding the standard reference interval (RI) for total thyroxine (TT4) concentrations are diagnostic for hyperthyroidism, however some hyperthyroid cats have TT4 values within the RI. Determining outlier TT4 concentrations should aid practitioners in identification of hyperthyroidism. The objective of this study was to determine the expected distribution of TT4 concentration using a large population of cats (531,765) of unknown health status to identify unexpected TT4 concentrations (outlier), and determine whether this concentration changes with age. Methodology/Principle findings This study is a population-based, retrospective study evaluating an electronic database of laboratory results to identify unique TT4 measurement between January 2014 and July 2015. An expected distribution of TT4 concentrations was determined using a large population of cats (531,765) of unknown health status, and this in turn was used to identify unexpected TT4 concentrations (outlier) and determine whether this concentration changes with age. All cats between the age of 1 and 9 years (n = 141,294) had the same expected distribution of TT4 concentration (0.5–3.5ug/dL), and cats with a TT4 value >3.5ug/dL were determined to be unexpected outliers. There was a steep and progressive rise in both the total number and percentage of statistical outliers in the feline population as a function of age. The greatest acceleration in the percentage of outliers occurred between the age of 7 and 14 years, which was up to 4.6 times the rate seen between the age of 3 and 7 years. Conclusions TT4 concentrations >3.5ug/dL represent outliers from the expected distribution of TT4 concentration. Furthermore, age has a strong influence on the proportion of cats. These findings suggest that patients with TT4 concentrations >3.5ug/dL should be more closely evaluated for hyperthyroidism, particularly between the ages of 7 and 14 years. This finding may aid clinicians in earlier identification of hyperthyroidism in at-risk patients.

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Evaluation and comparison of radio-, fluorescence, and enzyme-linked immunoassays for serum thyroxine

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Haemato-biochemical, mutagenic, and histopathological changes in Oreochromis niloticus exposed to BTX

Haemato-biochemical, mutagenic, and histopathological changes in Oreochromis niloticus exposed to BTX

Influence of Isoflurane Anesthesia on Plasma Thyroxine Concentrations in Black-tailed Prairie Dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus)

Expected total thyroxine (TT4) concentrations and outlier values in 531,765 cats in the United States (2014–2015)

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