Evaluation of Accuracy between Habit History and Incidence of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2021

JPRI

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Introduction: Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) are a group of conditions that predispose to the development of oral cancers. A few of the commonly recurring OPMDs include leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis, Smokers’ palate, and oral lichen planus. Leukoplakia is more common in specific populations, attributed to their habits and environmental circumstances. Hence, early diagnosis with biopsies on suspecting these lesions during regular oral health check-up ensures timely referral and addressal of the disorder. The present study aims to demographically profile patients with Leukoplakia visiting a private dental hospital in Chennai. Aim: To demographically profile patients diagnosed with Leukoplakia, visiting a dental hospital in Chennai, a major city in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. Materials and Methods: From the patients visiting the private dental hospital, those clinically diagnosed with Leukoplakia were considered in the inclusion criteria. Exclusion criteria involved those with poor maintenance of records and lack of follow-up of uncooperative patients. The sample size was n=100. The gender, age and locality of residence were considered and tabulated, followed by their statistical analysis using SPSS software version 22.0. Results: From the results of the current study, it was observed that there was a greater male predilection to the occurrence of Leukoplakia (99%) compared to females (1%). A greater number of cases were seen in the age group of 41-50 years (34%), while the least number of cases were seen in patients of 21-30 years (7%). Among the cases reported, most patients were from Thiruvallur (40%), Chennai district (30%) followed by Kancheepuram district (17%) in Tamilnadu . Conclusion: From the study, it can be concluded that Leukoplakia is more prevalent among the middle aged male population and was found to be predominantly occurring in the regions of Thiruvallur and Chennai districts in Chennai, Tamil Nadu.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Demographic Profiling of Patients with Leukoplakia Visiting a Dental Hospital in Chennai, India - An Institutional Study

Rajeswaran

2021

JPRI

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“…A similar study of Yu Zhou revealed the caries affecting both the maxillary and mandibular arches equally, especially the molars of both in teenagers. In a contrast study of Falci et al, stated that mandibular arch was affected in the age group 35-45 years [31] It could be morphology of the molars with deep pits and fissures that causes increased risk of caries especially when enamel decalcification takes place during the treatment which creates stagnation of bacteria and biofilm formation [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prevalence of Caries Secondary to the Orthodontic Treatment in Patients Visiting a Private Dental Hospital-A Retrospective Study

Ashritha

2021

JPRI

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Introduction: Orthodontic treatment involving fixed appliance is a long term process. This treatment has a maximum risk of development of caries as proper oral hygiene maintenance would not be noticed. This increases the number of streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus which would form a biofilm. The armamentarium used in this treatment like molar band, brackets etc. are plaque stagnant areas, which over a period of time leads to caries, gingivitis etc. Thus, proper oral hygiene should be maintained by patients. Aim: The main objective of the study is to assess the prevalence of caries secondary to the orthodontic treatment in patients visiting a private dental hospital. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study which was performed under a university setting where all the patients reported to Private Dental college and hospital, Chennai. The data was collected by reviewing patients records and analysed the data of 140 patients who underwent orthodontic appliance treatment between May 2019- December 2020. The population size of the study was found to be n=80. Data was collected, tabulated, statistical analysis was done using SPSS- IBM. Results and Discussion: From the statistical analysis, it is observed that the total number of caries that could be seen after the orthodontic appliance treatment was more in males (58.23% ) when compared to females and the most commonly affected age is between 18-25 years with 49.37%. Moreover, the common tooth that affected were molars with 49.37%. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the current study, it is found that molars are the most commonly affected teeth and the age group which is affected the most is between 18-25 years. Thus, it is the imperative for dentists to provide preventive resin restorations, fluoride varnish and also proper instructions for maintenance of oral hygiene during the orthodontic treatment.

“…There have been studies which show the prevalence of cancer through an early sign of teeth loss .There could be periodontal damage occurring due to cancer [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Certain studies have shed light in the area where periodontal disease or significant quantum of missing teeth as an indication for prevalence of cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Clinically Missing Permanent Teeth Due to Agenesis and Secondary Factors among Patients between 8-17 Age Group Visiting a Private Dental Hospital - an Institutional Study

Padmaja

Reshma

2021

JPRI

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Introduction: Congenitally missing teeth or hypodontia is a condition where some of the adult teeth fail to develop. There have been theories involving genetic and environmental factors which lead to prevalence of permanent missing teeth. Missing teeth can affect the patients and cause many other problems such as malocclusion, periodontal damage, delay in bone growth, reduced mastication and unfavourable skeletal appearance. Thus having awareness about missing teeth and the eruption sequence dentists will be able to identify the missing teeth and correct the same. Aim: The aim of this study is to analyse the prevalence of missing in the paediatric population between 8-17 years of age. Materials and Methods: The data for the study n=4453 patients was collected by analysing the case sheets of patients who visited Saveetha Dental college from June 2019- February 2021.The collected data was analysed and subjected to statistical analysis using the SPSS software by IBM of version 23. Results: From the results of the study, missing teeth in the 8 to 10 age group was highest in the second quadrant at 27.27% with most common missing teeth being left maxillary lateral incisor 15.76%, in the 11-13 age group it was highest in the third quadrant at 32.39% with most common missing teeth being left mandibular lateral incisor 16.37% and in the 14 -17 age group it was highest in first quadrant at 40.87% with the most common missing teeth being right maxillary first premolar 15.08%. It is also observed that the most common cause of missing teeth in 8-10 age group is due to congenital absence at16.46%, in 11-13 age group due to trauma at 16.46% and in 14-17 age group due to caries at 18.90%. Conclusion: Missing teeth is a very common dental anomaly encountered these days. From the present study it can be concluded that the most common cause of missing teeth was congenital absence of it. Larger community based studies should be conducted to estimate more precisely the causes for missing teeth. They are very important to be analysed so that they can prevent complications that can occur. In our study missing teeth is being analysed at an earlier age group of 8-17 reducing the chances of future complications.