Evaluation of an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to study the specific humoral immune response of Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata) and domestic geese (Anser anser var. domestica) after vaccination against Newcastle disease virus
Abstract:In this study, an indirect Newcastle disease virus enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for waterfowl was evaluated concerning its efficiency and its suitability to monitor the antibody response in Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata) and domestic geese (Anser anser var. domestica) following vaccination with a commercial inactivated NDV vaccine for chickens. Three weeks after vaccination seroconversion was already evident in the ELISA. Comparison of the ELISA results with those of the haemagglutination inhibi… Show more
“…Newcastle disease (ND), caused by Newcastle disease virus (NDV), is regarded as one of the most important avian diseases ( Häuslaigner et al, 2009 ). The virus caused an economically serious disease in almost all poultry ( Alexander, 1988 ; Sun et al, 2013 ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Similarly, serious ND outbreaks have also been reported in flocks of geese in China ( Liu et al, 2003 ). The geese challenged with NDV of goose origin showed clinical signs such as anorexia, white diarrhea, depression, nasal discharges, ocular, and dead ( Wan et al, 2004 ; Häuslaigner et al, 2009 ). In Asia, the main virulent NDV strain belongs to Genotype VIId, which is a major threat to the poultry industry, including goose ( Hu et al, 2015 ).…”
Newcastle disease (ND), caused by virulent strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), is a highly contagious disease of birds that is responsible for heavy economic losses for the poultry industry worldwide. However, little is known about host-virus interactions in waterfowl, goose. In this study, we aim to characterize the host immune response in goose, based on the previous reports on the host response to NDV in chickens. Here, we evaluated viral replication and mRNA expression of 27 immune-related genes in 10 tissues of geese challenged with a genotype VIId NDV strain of goose origin (go/CH/LHLJ/1/06). The virus showed early replication, especially in digestive and immune tissues. The expression profiles showed up-regulation of Toll-like receptor (TLR)1–3, 5, 7, and 15, avian β-defensin (AvBD) 5–7, 10, 12, and 16, cytokines [interleukin (IL)-8, IL-18, IL-1β, and interferon-γ], inducible NO synthase (iNOS), and MHC class I in some tissues of geese in response to NDV. In contrast, NDV infection suppressed expression of AvBD1 in cecal tonsil of geese. Moreover, we observed a highly positive correlation between viral replication and host mRNA expressions of TLR1-5 and 7, AvBD4-6, 10, and 12, all the cytokines measured, MHC class I, FAS ligand, and iNOS, mainly at 72 h post-infection. Taken together, these results demonstrated that NDV infection induces strong innate immune responses and intense inflammatory responses at early stage in goose which may associate with the viral pathogenesis.
“…Newcastle disease (ND), caused by Newcastle disease virus (NDV), is regarded as one of the most important avian diseases ( Häuslaigner et al, 2009 ). The virus caused an economically serious disease in almost all poultry ( Alexander, 1988 ; Sun et al, 2013 ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Similarly, serious ND outbreaks have also been reported in flocks of geese in China ( Liu et al, 2003 ). The geese challenged with NDV of goose origin showed clinical signs such as anorexia, white diarrhea, depression, nasal discharges, ocular, and dead ( Wan et al, 2004 ; Häuslaigner et al, 2009 ). In Asia, the main virulent NDV strain belongs to Genotype VIId, which is a major threat to the poultry industry, including goose ( Hu et al, 2015 ).…”
Newcastle disease (ND), caused by virulent strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), is a highly contagious disease of birds that is responsible for heavy economic losses for the poultry industry worldwide. However, little is known about host-virus interactions in waterfowl, goose. In this study, we aim to characterize the host immune response in goose, based on the previous reports on the host response to NDV in chickens. Here, we evaluated viral replication and mRNA expression of 27 immune-related genes in 10 tissues of geese challenged with a genotype VIId NDV strain of goose origin (go/CH/LHLJ/1/06). The virus showed early replication, especially in digestive and immune tissues. The expression profiles showed up-regulation of Toll-like receptor (TLR)1–3, 5, 7, and 15, avian β-defensin (AvBD) 5–7, 10, 12, and 16, cytokines [interleukin (IL)-8, IL-18, IL-1β, and interferon-γ], inducible NO synthase (iNOS), and MHC class I in some tissues of geese in response to NDV. In contrast, NDV infection suppressed expression of AvBD1 in cecal tonsil of geese. Moreover, we observed a highly positive correlation between viral replication and host mRNA expressions of TLR1-5 and 7, AvBD4-6, 10, and 12, all the cytokines measured, MHC class I, FAS ligand, and iNOS, mainly at 72 h post-infection. Taken together, these results demonstrated that NDV infection induces strong innate immune responses and intense inflammatory responses at early stage in goose which may associate with the viral pathogenesis.
“… Figure 3 Cross-reactivity of subtype specific immune sera with APMV-1 proteins. Gradient purified APMV-1 strain Clone 30 were lysed, and proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE, transferred on nitrocellulose and probed by IgY-specific POD conjugated sera as described previously [ 24 ]. Identity of proteins is indicated on the right, molecular weights of marker proteins (PEQLAB™ prestained protein marker IV) are indicated on the left.…”
BackgroundProtection against infection by Newcastle disease virus (NDV), also designated as avian paramyxovirus subtype-1 (APMV-1), is mediated by immune responses to the two surface glycoproteins, hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and fusion (F) protein. Thus, a chimeric APMV-1 based vaccine that encodes APMV-8 HN- and F-proteins and expresses the hemagglutinin of avian influenza virus (AIV) H5N1, is able to protect against HPAIV H5N1 but fails to protect against NDV [PLoS One8:e72530, 2013]. However, it is unclear whether avirulent APMV-subtypes, like APMV-8 can induce subtype-specific immunity and protect from a homologous challenge.FindingsAPMV-8 infections of 3- and 6-weeks-old specific pathogen free (SPF)-chickens did not induce any clinical signs but was associated with virus shedding for up to 6 days. Viral replication was only detected in oropharyngeal- and never in cloacal swabs. Upon reinfection with homologous APMV-8, viral shedding was restricted to day 2 and in contrast to naive SPF-chickens, only RNA but no infectious virus was recovered. No protection was induced against virulent NDV challenge, although morbidity and mortality was delayed in APMV-8 primed chickens. This lack of protection is in line with a lack of reactivity of APMV-8 specific sera to APMV-1 HN-protein: Neither by hemagglutin-inhibition (HI) test nor immunoblot analyses, cross-reactivity was detected, despite reactivity to internal proteins.ConclusionsImmune responses mounted during asymptomatic APMV-8 infection limit secondary infection against homologues reinfection and facilitates a delay in the onset of disease in a subtype independent manner but is unable to protect against Newcastle disease, a heterologous APMV-subtype.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1743-422X-11-179) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
“…Serological assays to detect ND-specific antibodies can be used for demonstration of lack of exposure of a flock to NDV, and for assessment of vaccination efficacy. The hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test is a standard method and widely used for NDV antibody detection, although it may lack in sensitivity and is time-consuming [ 26 – 28 ]. Several ELISA formats have been developed as an alternative for conventional HI test in flock screening approaches.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Several ELISA formats have been developed as an alternative for conventional HI test in flock screening approaches. Their sensitivity, and easy standardization make them suitable for high throughput screening [ 28 – 34 ]. ELISA formats based on whole virus and recombinant viral proteins expressed in baculovirus or bacterial systems as the coating antigen have been reported [ 28 , 29 , 35 – 38 ].…”
BackgroundVirulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV, avian Avulavirus-1, APMV-1) induces a highly contagious and lethal systemic disease in gallinaceous poultry. APMV-1 antibody detection is used for surveillance and to control vaccination, but is hampered by cross-reactivity to other subtypes of avian Avulaviruses. Data are lacking concerning the applicability of NDV V proteins as differential diagnostic marker to distinguish vaccinated from virus-infected birds (DIVA strategy).MethodsFull length and C-terminally truncated nucleocapsid (NP) protein, and the unique C-terminal regions of the phospho- (P) and V proteins of the NDV LaSota strain were bacterially expressed as fusion proteins with the multimerization domain of the human C4 binding protein, and used as diagnostic antigens in indirect ELISA.ResultsWhen used as diagnostic antigen in indirect ELISAs, recombinant full-length proved to be a sensitive target to detect seroconversion in chickens after APMV-1 vaccination and infection, but revealed some degree of cross reactivity with sera raised against other APMV subtypes. Cross reactivity was abolished but also sensitivity decreased when employing a C-terminal fragment of the NP of NDV as diagnostic antigen. Antibodies to the NDV V protein were mounted in poultry following NDV infection but also, albeit at lower rates and titers, after vaccination with attenuated NDV vaccines. V-specific seroconversion within the flock was incomplete and titers in individual bird transient.ConclusionsIndirect ELISA based on bacterially expressed recombinant full-length NP compared favorably with a commercial NDV ELISA based on whole virus antigen, but cross reactivity between the NP proteins of different APMV subtypes could compromise specificity. However, specificity increased when using a less conserved C-terminal fragment of NP instead. Moreover, a serological DIVA strategy built on the NDV V protein was not feasible due to reduced immunogenicity of the V protein and frequent use of live-attenuated NDV vaccines.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12985-018-0924-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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