Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Crude Extract and Fractions of Morinda citrifolia Fruit on Multiple Drug Resistant Clinical Isolates

Abstract

Background: Morinda citrifolia fruits are consumed by humans in tropical areas of Africa due to their nutritional and medicinal values.
 Methods: The fresh fruit of M. citrifolia were harvested, washed with clean water, dried under a shade, pulverized and extracted with methanol in a Soxhlet’s extractor. The crude methanolic filtrate was subjected to phytochemical analysis and fractionation using ethyl acetate, butanol, distilled water and n-hexane. The isolates, which comprises Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Candida albicans, were collected from diarrhoiec stool of patients aged 0-5 years using standard procedure. Antibiotic susceptibility assay was carried out using disc diffusion method. The antimicrobial susceptibility test of the fruit extract and fractions was carried out using agar well diffusion method.
 Results: All the isolates were susceptible to the extract and the fractions with MICs range from 3.125 mg/mL to 12.5 mg/mL. S. aureus and S. typhi were resistant to more than two conventional antibiotics.
 Conclusion: Crude and fractions of M. citrifolia have excellent antibacterial and antifungal activities against multiple antibiotic resistant strains of S. aureus, S. typhi and C. albicans.

Effectiveness of Kemangi (Ocimum basilicum) Leaf Methanol Extract against Candida albicans Colonies

“…Previous research has been conducted to examine the antifungal potential of several types of plants in Indonesia. Plants examined against CA encompass cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum burmanii Blume) (Aini & Mardiyaningsih, 2018;Rangel et al, 2018;Apriliyani, Priani & Hidayat, 2021), moringa (Moringa oleifera lamk) (Verma et al, 2020;Santos et al, 2021), turmeric (Curcuma longa linn) (Murugesh et al, 2019), Sansevieria trifasciata prain (Seniwati, et al, 2021), white frangipani (Plumeria acuminata) (Sari et al, 2020), noni (Morinda citrifolia linn) (Hardani et al, 2020;Ene, Enweani-Nwokelo & Obaji, 2021), green tea (Camelia sinensis) (Akroum, 2018;Rahayu et al, 2018), alamanda (Allamanda cathartica L) (Tun et al, 2020), cashew nuts (Anacardium occidentale L) (Costa et al, 2021) and Acorus calamus (Febrianti, Khairina & Alisa, 2018).…”