Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-α-glucosidase Activities of Various Solvent Extracts and Major Bioactive Components from the Seeds of Myristica fragrans

Abstract

Myristica fragrans is a well-known species for flavoring many food products and for formulation of perfume and medicated balm. It is also used to treat indigestion, stomach ulcers, liver disorders, and, as emmenagogue, diaphoretic, diuretic, nervine, and aphrodisiac. We examined antioxidant properties and bioactive compounds in various solvent extracts from the seeds of M. fragrans. Methanol, ethanol, and acetone extracts exhibited relatively strong antioxidant activities by 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), superoxide radical, and hydroxyl radical scavenging tests. Furthermore, methanol extracts also displayed significant anti-α-glucosidase activity. Examined and compared to the various solvent extracts for their chemical compositions using HPLC analysis, we isolated the ten higher content compounds and analyzed antioxidant and anti-α-glucosidase activities. Among the isolates, dehydrodiisoeugenol, malabaricone B and malabaricone C were main antioxidant components in seeds of M. fragrans. Malabaricone C exhibited stronger antioxidant capacities than others based on lower half inhibitory concentration (IC50) values in DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays, and it also showed significant inhibition of α-glucosidase. These results shown that methanol was found to be the most efficient solvent for extracting the active components from the seeds of M. fragrans, and this material is a potential good source of natural antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitor.

Comparison of Various Solvent Extracts and Major Bioactive Components from Portulaca oleracea for Antioxidant, Anti-Tyrosinase, and Anti-α-Glucosidase Activities

“…Samples were collected, air-dried, and ground to powder (0.5 to 2 mm). Preparation of P. oleracea extract was performed as described previously [ 18 ].…”

“…The total phenolic content (TPC) of various solvent extracts was measured as described with Folin–Ciocalteu’s method with a slight modification [ 18 ].…”

“…Superoxide anion radical (O 2 •− ) scavenging activity was described earlier with slight changes [ 18 ]. Briefly, the superoxide radical was generated in 16 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0) containing 50 μL of NBT (300 μM), 50 μL of PMS (120 μM), and 50 μL of different concentrations of test sample.…”

“…The samples were evaluated for hydroxyl radical scavenging activity based on the previously described method [ 18 ].…”

Synergistic Regulation of Microglia Gene Expression by Natural Molecules in Herbal Medicine

“…In RAW264.7 cells, Deh inhibits LPS-stimulated NF- κ B activation and Cox2 expression [ 18 ]. Deh showed high hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and DPPH radical scavenging activity [ 20 ].…”