Evaluation of CHROMagar candida medium for the isolation and presumptive identification of species of candida of clinical importance

Bernal, Samuel; Martín-Mazuelos, Estrella; García, María Guadalupe Reyes; Aller, Ana Isabel; Martínez, María Ángeles; Gutiérrez, M. J.

doi:10.1016/0732-8893(96)00063-6

Cited by 54 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…It is intended to improve differentiation between mixed cultures, specificity for direct identification of C. albicans producing blue colonies, as well as classification in a group of four Candida species (C. tropicalis, C. guilliermondii, C. kefyr, and C. lusitaniae) which produce pink colonies. Also, CHROMagar Candida (CHROMagar, Paris, France) is a chromogenic medium allowing selective isolation of yeasts and simultaneous identification of C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei (2,6,7,9).The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of Candida ID directly from clinical specimens in comparison to CHROMagar Candida.A total of 596 clinical specimens (297 respiratory samples, 151 ear, nose, or throat specimens, 64 vaginal swabs, 44 stool specimens, 19 urine specimens, and 21 miscellaneous samples such as swabs from wounds, eye, and skin) were investigated in order to determine the effect of Candida ID on the growth of Candida species and to assess the quality of performance in comparison with CHROMagar and the routinely used Sabouraud glucose agar (SGA).Each nonliquid sample was suspended in 1 ml of 0.85% physiologic saline, and then 0.01 ml of this suspension was plated onto Candida ID, CHROMagar, and SGA (Oxoid, Basingstoke, United Kingdom) containing gentamicin (20 mg/liter) and chloramphenicol (50 mg/liter). Equivalent amounts of each liquid specimen were applied directly to the media.…”

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Performance of Candida ID, a New Chromogenic Medium for Presumptive Identification of Candida Species, in Comparison to CHROMagar Candida

et al. 2001

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Candida ID agar allows identification of Candida albicans and differentiation of other Candida species. In comparison with CHROMagar Candida, we evaluated the performance of this medium directly from 596 clinical specimens. In particular, detection of C. albicans after 24 h of incubation was easier on Candida ID (sensitivity, 96.8%) than on CHROMagar (sensitivity, 49.6%).In the era of increasing invasive, often life-threatening candidal infections, rapid identification of pathogenic yeasts and detection of polyfungal specimens in the laboratory is mandatory (1). Chromogenic media have shown better detection rates of yeasts in mixed cultures than traditional media and allow direct and more rapid identification of Candida albicans and also other species (2-7, 9). Candida ID (bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) is a new differential medium for the direct identification of C. albicans. It is intended to improve differentiation between mixed cultures, specificity for direct identification of C. albicans producing blue colonies, as well as classification in a group of four Candida species (C. tropicalis, C. guilliermondii, C. kefyr, and C. lusitaniae) which produce pink colonies. Also, CHROMagar Candida (CHROMagar, Paris, France) is a chromogenic medium allowing selective isolation of yeasts and simultaneous identification of C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei (2,6,7,9).The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of Candida ID directly from clinical specimens in comparison to CHROMagar Candida.A total of 596 clinical specimens (297 respiratory samples, 151 ear, nose, or throat specimens, 64 vaginal swabs, 44 stool specimens, 19 urine specimens, and 21 miscellaneous samples such as swabs from wounds, eye, and skin) were investigated in order to determine the effect of Candida ID on the growth of Candida species and to assess the quality of performance in comparison with CHROMagar and the routinely used Sabouraud glucose agar (SGA).Each nonliquid sample was suspended in 1 ml of 0.85% physiologic saline, and then 0.01 ml of this suspension was plated onto Candida ID, CHROMagar, and SGA (Oxoid, Basingstoke, United Kingdom) containing gentamicin (20 mg/liter) and chloramphenicol (50 mg/liter). Equivalent amounts of each liquid specimen were applied directly to the media. After inoculation, the cultures were incubated in air at 35°C and inspected after 24, 48, and 72 h. All yeast isolates observed on the chromogenic media were judged by colony morphology and pigmentation according to the manufacturers' instructions. In addition, colonies of each medium were identified by using the commercial ATB ID 32C (API, bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) and by their micromorphology on rice extract agar (Becton Dickinson and Co., Sparks, Md.). Isolates suspected of being C. dubliniensis were also subcultured at 42°C. Candida ID agar and CHROMagar Candida were provided as readyto-use agar plates, which were stored at 4°C and used within 4 weeks. The performance of both chromogenic media was analyzed for C. albicans...

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Performance of Candida ID, a New Chromogenic Medium for Presumptive Identification of Candida Species, in Comparison to CHROMagar Candida

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“…Representative strains of different Candida species isolated from oral cavities and identified by colony characteristics on CHROMagar Candida differential medium (Anson & Allen, 1997 ;Bernal et al, 1996 ;San Milan et al, 1996), chlamydospore and germ tube formation, and by sugar fermentation and assimilation (Sandven, 1990), were obtained from the Microbiology and Immunology Laboratory, Dentistry College of Sa4 o Jose! dos Campos : C. albicans (97a, F72, E37, 17b, CBS 562 T ); C. guilliermondii (FCF405, FCF152, CBS 566 T ); C. parapsilosis (21c, 7a, CBS 604 T ); C. krusei (1M90, 4c, CBS 573 T ) ; and C. tropicalis (1b, FCF430, CBS 94 T ).…”

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Grouping oral Candida species by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis.

Rosa¹,

Pereira²,

Rosa³

et al. 2000

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE) and numerical taxonomic methods were used to establish the degrees of relatedness among five Candida species commonly isolated from humans oral cavities. Of twenty enzymic systems assayed, five showed no enzymic activity (aspartate dehydrogenase, mannitol dehydrogenase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, glucosyl transferase and α-amylase).The obtained data revealed that some of these enzymes are capable of distinguishing strains of different species, but most of them could not organize all strains in their respective species-specific clusters. Numerical classification based on MLEE polymorphism must be regarded for surveys involving just one Candida species.

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“…The manufacturer does not presently claim the ability to identify C. glabrata by color or texture, although several studies have stated that, with experience, the species can be identified by colony color and size on CAC (2,6,12). In our laboratory, it has been found to be a very subjective call that requires confirmation.…”

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CHROMagar Candida as the Sole Primary Medium for Isolation of Yeasts and as a Source Medium for the Rapid-Assimilation-of-Trehalose Test

2005

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The chromogenic medium BBL CHROMagar Candida (CAC) was evaluated as a sole primary medium for the isolation of yeasts from clinical specimens in which yeasts are the primary concern. Additionally, the reliability of the rapid-assimilation-of-trehalose (RAT) test in yielding correct results with isolates taken from CAC was assessed. A total of 270 throat, urine, and genital (TUG) specimens were streaked onto CAC, Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA), inhibitory mold agar (IMA), and Mycosel (MYC). A total of 69 blood culture broths that were smear positive for yeast were streaked onto CAC and SDA. A 1-h RAT test (NCCLS M35-A) was performed simultaneously on isolates from CAC and SDA. A total of 112 TUG specimens yielded yeast colonies (CAC, 111 colonies; IMA, 105; SDA, 103; MYC, 91). The 69 blood culture yeasts grew on both CAC and SDA. Mixed cultures of yeasts were detected on 11 CAC plates but were unrecognized on other media. Colonies suspected of being C. glabrata on 32 CAC plates were all RAT test positive and confirmed to be C. glabrata; of 59 colonies with various characteristics of color and morphology on CAC, none were RAT positive, and all were conventionally identified as yeasts other than C. glabrata (sensitivity and specificity, 100%). The same isolates from SDA tested for RAT produced six false negatives and no false positives (sensitivity, 81%; specificity, 100%). The results show that CAC can be used as the sole primary medium for recovery of yeasts from clinical specimens. Additionally, isolates grown on CAC yield excellent results with the RAT test utilized in this study.

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Evaluation of CHROMagar candida medium for the isolation and presumptive identification of species of candida of clinical importance

Cited by 54 publications

References 9 publications

Performance of Candida ID, a New Chromogenic Medium for Presumptive Identification of Candida Species, in Comparison to CHROMagar Candida

Performance of Candida ID, a New Chromogenic Medium for Presumptive Identification of Candida Species, in Comparison to CHROMagar Candida

Grouping oral Candida species by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis.

CHROMagar Candida as the Sole Primary Medium for Isolation of Yeasts and as a Source Medium for the Rapid-Assimilation-of-Trehalose Test

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