Evaluation of female athlete triad and gynecological complaints in young Turkish female athletes

Abstract

Purpose: Female athlete triad (FAT) is a serious healthcare concern in the young female population. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of FAT and its relationship with gynecologic complaints of young Turkish female athletes. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey and included 87 female athletes involved in a variety of sports as a case group and 85 sedentary female university students from Ege and Celal Bayar Universities. All subjects completed a questionnaire consisting of 32 separate questions assessing eating behavior, menstrual status, gynecologic and systemic complaints, psychological problems, and sexual history. SPSS 21.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: This survey involved 172 females in between to 30 years of age. The age of menarche was found to be significantly lower in the sedentary group (p = 0.00). Late menstruation and oligo-amenorrhea were notable complaints among the athletes, and body mass index (BMI) was found to be statistically lower in the athletic group (p = 0.00). Cold hands and hair loss were seen more often in the sedentary group compared to the athletic group (p < 0.05). According to a logistic regression analysis, independent variables (BMI, menstrual status, and bone fractures) were found to be statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Excessive sports activity can be hazardous in young female population. Lower BMI might be related to menstrual irregularity. Young female population should be informed about this relationship, especially athletes who are particularly at risk. Certain precautions should be taken into consideration in this population in order to get benefits of sports activity.

Associations with physical activity, sedentary behavior, and premenstrual syndrome among Chinese female college students

“…Jalali-Farahani et al reported that prolonged SB is an important health factor among Tehran students [ 55 ]. Bianco et al found that SB was a risk factor for PMS with a significantly higher prevalence of PMS in the sedentary group (54.1%) than in the exercise group (36.8%) [ 56 ]. A further study conducted in 2019 found that 42.5% of women in the exercise group felt pain during their menstrual cycle, compared to 60% in the sedentary group [ 57 ].…”