EVALUATION OF SOME NEW AND OLD FABA BEAN CULTIVARS (Vicia faba L.) FOR EARLINESS, YIELD, YIELD ATTRIBUTES AND QUALITY CHARACTERS

Abstract

843) for earliness, yield, yield attributes and quality characteristics through mean performance, correlation coefficient, path coefficient and molecular markers of RAPD-PCR analysis. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in four replications. Results indicated highly significant differences among the ten faba bean cultivars for earliness characters (days to first flower, days to 50% flowering and days to fruiting), yield and its attributes (plant height, number of branches/plant, number of fruiting nodes/plant, pod length, number of pods/node, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, number of seeds/plant, 100-seed weight and seed yield/ plant) as well as quality characters (protein and carbohydrate contents) in the two seasons. The new cultivars were earlier than the old once during the two seasons. The new faba bean cultivar Nubaria 1 gave the highest productivity however Sakha 4 recorded the highest value of protein and carbohydrate contents in the two seasons. Seed yield/plant appeared positive and significant correlation with each of pod length, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/ pod, number of seeds/plant and 100-seed weight during the two seasons. Whereas, negative and significant correlation was detected between seed yield/plant and each of plant height and number of fruiting nodes/plant in both seasons. Path coefficient analysis showed that number of seeds/plant followed by 100-seed weight had the highest direct effect on seed yield/plant during the two seasons. Five primers were used for RAPD analysis to determine genetic variability among the ten cultivars of faba bean, and produced 32 bands, 21 of them were polymorphic with 65.6% polymorphism. Four positive bands markers were recorded in faba bean cultivar Giza 3 in two primes (C06 and C19), and two positive band markers in faba bean cultivar Giza 40 in the two primers (B09 and C19). While, one negative band marker in Giza 429 and one positive marker in Giza 843 were generated by primer (C19).