Evaluation of stability and maturity during forced-aeration composting of chicken manure and sawdust at different C/N ratios

Gao, Mengchun; Liang, Fangyuan; Yu, Anfeng; Li, Bing; Yang, Lijuan

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.10.056

Cited by 231 publications

(112 citation statements)

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“…As Smith and Hughes (2002) and Mupondi et al (2006) suggested, it might also be attributed to the decomposition of organic acids to release alkali and alkali earth cations previously bound by organic matter. An increase in pH during composting of different substrates was also reported in many other studies (Sundberg et al 2004;Tognetti et al 2007;Gao et al 2010).…”

Section: Evolution Of Phmentioning

confidence: 68%

Comparative effectiveness of different composting methods on the stabilization, maturation and sanitization of municipal organic solid wastes and dried faecal sludge mixtures

et al. 2017

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Background:Composting is one of the integrated waste management strategies used for the recycling of organic wastes into a useful product. Composting methods vary in duration of decomposition and potency of stability, maturity and sanitation. This study was aimed to investigate the comparative effectiveness of four different methods of composting viz. windrow composting (WC), Vermicomposting (VC), pit composting (PC) and combined windrow and vermicomposting (WVC) on the stabilization, maturation and sanitization of mixtures of municipal solid organic waste and dried faecal sludge. Methods:The composting treatments were arranged in a completely randomized block design with three replications. The changes in physico-chemical and biological characteristics of the compost were examined at 20 days interval for 100 days using standard laboratory procedures. The analysis of variance was performed using SAS software and the significant differences were determined using Fisher's LSD test at P ≤ 0.05 level.Results: The evolution of composting temperature, pH, EC, NHratio, OC, C:N ratio and total volatile solids varied significantly among the composting methods and with composting time. The evolution of total nitrogen and germination index also varied significantly (P ≤ 0.001) with time, but their variation among the composting methods was not significant (P > 0.05). Except for PC, all other methods of composting satisfied all the indices for stability/maturity of compost at the 60th day of sampling; whereas PC achieved the critical limit values for most of the indices at the 80th day. A highly significant differences (P ≤ 0.001) were noted among the composting methods with regard to their effectiveness in eliminating pathogens (faecal coliforms and helminth eggs). The WVC method was most efficient in eliminating the pathogens complying with WHO's standard. Conclusion:Turned windrow composting and composting involving earthworms hastened the biodegradation process of organic wastes and result in the production of stable compost earlier than the traditional pit method of composting. The WVC method is most efficient in keeping the pathogens below the threshold level. Thus, elimination of pathogens from composts being a critical consideration, this study would recommend this method for composting organic wastes involving human excreta.© The Author(s) 2017. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Section: Evolution Of Phmentioning

confidence: 68%

Comparative effectiveness of different composting methods on the stabilization, maturation and sanitization of municipal organic solid wastes and dried faecal sludge mixtures

et al. 2017

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“…Gao et al . (2010) reported that when the compost EC was < 3.0 mS/cm, plants could grow best. At the end of composting, the EC was in the order Inoculation <AC <C. Except for the Inoculation group, the EC was higher than 3.0 mS/cm in the other two treatments.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of inoculation with a microbial consortium that degrades organic acids on the composting efficiency of food waste

Song

Zhang

Xia

et al. 2018

Microbial Biotechnology

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SummaryIn order to overcome the excessive acidification problem, a microbial consortium for the degradation of organic acids (MCDOA), which acts synergistically in degrading organic acids, was developed and used as an inoculum to improve the efficiency of food waste composting. MCDOA could eliminate the initial lag phase of the pile temperature rise because of excessive acidification and effectively shorten the composting period. Fluorescence regional integration analysis of the excitation‐emission matrix spectra of dissolved organic matter showed that compared with raw material, in compost with MCDOA inoculation, the percent fluorescence response (P i,n) values of Regions I, II and IV decreased by 95.11%, 94.19% and 87.41%, respectively, and P i,n of Region V increased by 172.57%. The decreased and increased levels were markedly higher than in the two control groups (MgO and K2 HPO 4 treatment, and uninoculated compost). These findings revealed that MCDOA accelerated the degradation of proteinaceous compounds and the formation of complicated humic‐like materials. Bacterial profiles implied that MCDOA could improve the indigenous bacterial community structure and diversities of acetic and propionic acid‐degrading and lignin‐degrading bacteria, which might account for the high composting efficiency and degree of humification of the inoculated compost.

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“…Kumar et al (2010) studied the composting of grass residues and food leftovers, and found that the interaction between high moisture content (60 %) and low C/N ratio (19.6/1) affects the reduction of biodegradable organic matter, due to reductions in oxygen transport and microbial activity. Gao et al (2010) analyzed the temperature behavior in composting the mixture of excreta of birds and sawdust at ratios of 16.3: 1, 6.9: 1 and 3.4: 1, with an initial C/N ratio of 12/1, 18/1 and 28/1, respectively. The authors verified that the thermophilic phase of the composting process of the mixture with initial C/N ratio of 12 and 18/1 was lower than that of the mixture with 28/1 C/N ratio, being attributed to the insufficient amount of carbon in the proportion of the substrates composted Another aspect concerns the acidic pH of the initial substrates, fish waste (6.5 ± 0.07) and reused wood shavings (5.3 ± 0.09), which after 15 days of composting the mixture at the 7: 3 ratio, reached alkaline values, remaining until the end of the process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composting for valuation of marine fish waste

Valente

Andreazza

Xavier

et al. 2017

Rev. bras. saúde prod. anim.

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SUMMARYThis trial evaluated the composting for valuation of marine fish waste. The study was carried out in a composting cell (1.10m length, 1.50m width, 1.20m height, and 2.50m headroom), which received a mixture of marine fish waste (skin and fin) and reused wood shavings at a 7:3 proportion. The efficiency of the composting process was evaluated through analysis of biomass temperature, moisture, pH, ash, compost mineralization index, carbon/nitrogen ratio, total organic matter, total organic carbon and total nitrogen. Data were tested by analysis of variance and polynomial regression, and the means compared by Tukey's test at 5%. The results showed that composting is an efficient alternative for the valuation of fish residues. The compost complies with the Brazilian Standards (Normative Instruction 25/2009 of the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply). The C/N ratio lower than 15/1 combined with the high moisture content of the substrates inhibit the increase in the biomass temperature. The wood shavings reused for three consecutive times provide nitrogen. The addition of water to the composting process should be suppressed when using the proportion of 7kg fish waste and 3kg reused wood shavings.Keywords: compost, environment, fish, water resources RESUMOObjetivou-se avaliar a compostagem na valoração de resíduos de pescado marinho da Colônia de Pescadores Z-3. O experimento foi realizado em uma composteira em célula nas dimensões 1,10 m de comprimento, 1,50 m de largura e 1,20 m de altura, com pé direito de 2,50 m, que recebeu a mistura de resíduos de pescado marinho (pele e barbatana) e maravalha de pinus reutilizada na proporção 7:3. A eficiência do processo de compostagem foi avaliada através das análises de temperatura da biomassa, umidade, pH, cinzas, índice de mineralização do composto, relação carbono/nitrogênio e os teores totais de matéria orgânica, carbono orgânico e nitrogênio. Os dados foram submetidos á análise de variância e regressão e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5%. Os resultados demonstraram que a compostagem é uma alternativa eficiente para a valoração dos resíduos de pescado da Colônia de Pescadores Z-3. O composto produzido atende a Instrução Normativa no. 25/2009 do Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, para ser comercializado como fertilizante orgânico. A relação C/N menor que 15/1 associada á alta umidade da mistura dos substratos inibem o aumento da temperatura da biomassa. A maravalha reutilizada por três vezes consecutivas serve como fonte de nitrogênio. A adição de água ao processo de compostagem deve ser suprimida quando for utilizada a proporção 7 kg de resíduos de pescado para 3 kg de maravalha reutilizada.Palavras-chave: composto, meio ambiente, peixe, recursos hídricos Rev. Bras. Saúde Prod. Anim., Salvador, v.18, n.4, p.594-603 out./dez., 2017 ISSN 1519

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Evaluation of stability and maturity during forced-aeration composting of chicken manure and sawdust at different C/N ratios

Cited by 231 publications

References 25 publications

Comparative effectiveness of different composting methods on the stabilization, maturation and sanitization of municipal organic solid wastes and dried faecal sludge mixtures

Comparative effectiveness of different composting methods on the stabilization, maturation and sanitization of municipal organic solid wastes and dried faecal sludge mixtures

Effect of inoculation with a microbial consortium that degrades organic acids on the composting efficiency of food waste

Composting for valuation of marine fish waste

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