Evaluation of the Performance of Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foam with High Amounts of Sunflower Press Cake Particles

Kairytė, Agnė; Członka, Sylwia; Boris, Renata; Vėjelis, Sigitas

doi:10.3390/ma14195475

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…These reactions may become nucleation sites. The ability of some fillers of becoming nucleating centers was described by Kairytė and coworkers [ 26 ]. According to these authors, the filler attaches itself to the cell wall, encapsulating blowing gas, and then becoming a nucleation site, which can weaken and even break up cell edges, due to the weak interaction between NCO groups and OH groups of the filler.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rigid Polyurethane Biofoams Filled with Chemically Compatible Fruit Peels

et al. 2022

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Banana and bergamot peels are underutilized byproducts of the essential oil and juice-processing industry. This study was designed for the development of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) composites using polysaccharide-rich fruit peels as fillers. These fillers were characterized for chemical properties using wet analyses. Additionally, the influences of the filler type and filler content on morphological, thermal, mechanical, hygroscopic, and colorimetric properties of the RPUF were investigated. The main results indicated that, in a comparison with the neat RPUF, the insertion of up to 15% of fillers yielded similar water uptake, apparent density, compressive strength, and color properties, as well as increases up to 115% in thermal stability and up to 80% in cell size.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rigid Polyurethane Biofoams Filled with Chemically Compatible Fruit Peels

et al. 2022

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“…Similarly, to previous studies [ 7 ], the addition of dust causes the formation of cells of much smaller sizes. Kairyte et al [ 2 ] also observed that the addition of fillers caused the reduction in the size of the average cell. In general, it can be stated that the use of filler reduced the cell cross-sectional area.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polyurethane foams (PUR) are the product of the polyaddition reaction between polyols and isocyanates with other additives [ 1 ]. Because of their broad range of properties, PUR are commonly used in various industry branches, e.g., thermal insulating layers, furniture, and automotive seats [ 2 , 3 ]. There are two main types of foam: rigid foam and flexible polyurethane foam [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Features of PUR-Wood Particle Composite Foams

et al. 2022

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The aim of this study was to apply waste wood particles (WP) with different sizes from primary wood processing as a filler for open-cell PUR foams. For this purpose, various wood particle sizes were added as a filler for polyurethane foams (PUR). The effects of the addition of 0.05≤0.125 mm, 0.125≤0.315 mm, 0.315–1.25 mm , and >1.25–2.0 mm of WP to the polyurethane matrix on the density, the kinetics of PUR foaming, the cell structure, and the morphology were investigated. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray computer tomography were used. Based on the results, it was found that the addition of WP in the amount of 10% leads to an increase in density with an increase in particle size. The research shows that the morphology of the PUR-WP foam is influenced by its particle size. The difference in the number and size of cells in PUR-WP composites depends on the wood particle size. The addition of dust causes the formation of cells of much smaller sizes; confirmed by SEM images. Moreover, computer tomography clearly demonstrates that the WP are well-dispersed within the foams’ structures.

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“…Thus, at this sample, this more compact cellular structures assured an influential stress distribution throughout the matrix during the compression. 65 On the other hand, the decrease observed when TFFs loading exceeded to 12% was probably caused by the presence of the disordered cells, flaws of the struts such as disconnection of the struts, locally accumulations in the cell walls, regional TFFs aggregates and the perforation of the cells by TFFs. 79 Furthermore, this final compressive strength reduction revealed that higher TFFs loading destroyed whole uniformity and anisotropy of the cells.…”

Section: Compression Tests Of the Produced Foamsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…[62][63][64] The mechanical characteristics of the porous polymeric materials is affected by the content of closed cell, apparent density, free volume property and topology of filler. 65 The effectiveness of the reinforcing filler materials also highly depends on the incorporation method, 66 component incompatibility, 67 dispersion quality 68 and loading level. 69 In this aspect, in this part of the paper, the tensile tests for the produced foam samples were performed at room temperature in order to figure out whether the produced RPUFs with TFFs had an application potential for the technological and industrial areas.…”

Section: Tensile Tests Of the Produced Foamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the relation between free volume and physico-mechanical performance in rigid polyurethane foam containing turkey feather fibers: Part 2

Soykan

Khaleel

Çetin

et al. 2022

Journal of Cellular Plastics

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Rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) were modified with 0–15 wt.% turkey feather fibers (TFFs) produced from waste turkey feathers. One-shut free rising method was used for the production of TFFs-filled-RPUFs in a closed mold. The dependence of mechanical performance and water vapor permeability (WVP) feature of the final foams on TFFs loading was evaluated with free volume change. The free volume analysis was performed via Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (PALS), while the mechanical and WVP characteristics were determined with the use of the universal tester machines. PALS findings showed that the incorporation of TFFs with RPUF matrix caused the considerable diminishment in the free volume due to TFFs serving as a filling material and formation of strong secondary bonds between components. Moreover, tensile strength and extension of the foams decreased with the increasing of TFFs, which caused by the occurrence of noteworthy restriction on the spatial alignment and orientation capability of polyurethane chains due to the lack of sufficient free volume allowing the chains to move freely. As for the compression tests, all the TFFs-loaded RPUFs depicted substantially lower performance due to TFFs interfering with the ordered organization of isocyanate domains. Moreover, impact test results showed that the addition of TFFs into RPUF matrix brought about the insufficient impact energy delocalization throughout the matrix due to the restriction on the mobility of polymer chains. Additionally, the remarkable diminishment in WVP was recorded due to the reduction in the number of vacancies and constitution of keratin composed of roundly 60% of hydrophilic protein (especially cystine). All in all, this study established a strong links between free volume and characteristics of TFFs-loaded RPUFs.

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Evaluation of the Performance of Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foam with High Amounts of Sunflower Press Cake Particles

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

Rigid Polyurethane Biofoams Filled with Chemically Compatible Fruit Peels

Rigid Polyurethane Biofoams Filled with Chemically Compatible Fruit Peels

Morphological Features of PUR-Wood Particle Composite Foams

Investigation of the relation between free volume and physico-mechanical performance in rigid polyurethane foam containing turkey feather fibers: Part 2

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