Evaluation of the Relationship between Selected Reticulocyte Parameters and Inflammation determined by Plasma C-reactive Protein in Dogs

Meléndez-Lazo, Antonio; Tvarijonaviciute, Asta; Cerón, José J.; Planellas, Marta; Pastor, Josep

doi:10.1016/j.jcpa.2015.01.008

Cited by 13 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Furthermore, reticulocyte hemoglobin content is unable to distinguish absolute and functional ID. 23,24 Therefore, it has to be kept in mind that RET-He detects disturbances in iron availability for erythropoiesis of absolute and functional nature. Further biochemical testing, eg, ferritin and sTfR concentrations, is required to distinguish absolute and functional ID.…”

Section: Ret-he Cutoff In the Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,22 As a measure of the functionality of erythropoiesis, it is unable to differentiate between absolute and FID in dogs. 23,24 The Siemens ADVIA hematology analyzer (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics, Eschborn, Germany) measures volume and hemoglobin concentration of each individual cell (mature RBCs and reticulocytes) and calculates the hemoglobin content (CH). For the calculation of CHr, only red cells with residual RNA (reticulocytes) are included.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of reticulocyte hemoglobin content (RET‐He) in the diagnosis of iron‐deficient erythropoiesis in dogs

Fuchs

Moritz

Grußendorf³

et al. 2017

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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Abstract:Background: Reticulocyte hemoglobin content provided by the Siemens ADVIA (CHr) is an established marker of iron deficiency. The IDEXX ProCyte Dx hematology analyzer now provides a similar variable, reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (RET-He). Objectives: The objective was to evaluate RET-He and its diagnostic utility in dogs, and to calculate a cutoff value for diagnosing iron-deficient erythropoiesis (IDE). Furthermore, the prevalence of RET-He values below this cutoff value was established. Methods: One hundred and seventy-one CBCs of healthy dogs were used to establish a RI. Stability of RET-He was evaluated by repeated measurements over 48 hours (n = 10). The 25-run coefficient of variation (CV) was calculated, and correlation and bias between measurements of RET-He and CHr were assessed (n = 190). A cutoff value for diagnosing IDE was calculated. The utility of RET-He in the detection of IDE was evaluated in 123 dogs. The prevalence of low RET-He values was assessed retrospectively in a multicenter study (2012)(2013)(2014) under participation of 7 veterinary clinics. Results: Reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent with an RI of 22.2 to 28.6 pg was statistically stable over 48 hours (P = .10). The CV was 1.8%. A fair correlation (q = 0.74) between RET-He and CHr with a small bias of À0.6 pg was found. The cutoff value for diagnosing IDE was 20.9 pg (sensitivity: 85%; specificity: 99%).

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Section: Ret-he Cutoff In the Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of reticulocyte hemoglobin content (RET‐He) in the diagnosis of iron‐deficient erythropoiesis in dogs

Fuchs

Moritz

Grußendorf³

et al. 2017

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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“…We did not find low hematocrits or changes in mean cell volume or any other sign of iron deficiency in these dogs in CBCs, but the CBCs in our study were made with an impedance counter and reticulocytes indexes were not analyzed. It could be that in infected dogs, despite the lack of changes in CBCs, reticulocyte indexes could reflect changes both related with the situation of iron loss [ 26 ] or inflammation [ 27 ]. Although ideally reticulocyte counts and indices should have been investigated, these analytes are not typically determined in non-anemic dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in biochemical analytes in female dogs with subclinical Ancylostoma spp. infection

et al. 2016

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BackgroundAncylostoma spp. is one of the most prevalent canine intestinal nematode infections which usually causes subclinical disease in adult dogs and has zoonotic implications. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore and evaluate the possible pathophysiological changes that Ancylostoma spp. could produce in female dogs naturally infected but without clinical signs of disease, by screening a wide variety of biochemical markers for potential changes. Samples of feces and blood of 45 dogs were collected and fecal flotation and zinc sulphate centrifugal flotation were performed. The biochemical analytes determined were: the acute-phase proteins C-reactive protein (CRP) and haptoglobin (Hp); the lipid profile (cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL); the serum iron profile: iron, unsaturated iron binding-capacity (UIBC), and ferritin; the enzyme butyrylcholinesterase (BChe); the pancreatic profile: amylase, lipase, and trypsin-like immunoreactivity (TLI); the oxidative stress markers: total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and paraoxonase −1 (PON-1), along with total protein, albumin, and insulin-like growth factor – 1 (IGF – 1). Ancylostoma spp. eggs were detected in 29/45 dogs (64.4 %). Dogs were divided into two groups according to the results of fecal flotation methods. Group 1: negative fecal floatation (n = 16), and Group 2: subclinical infection with the observation of Ancylostoma spp. type eggs/x 40 objective fields (n = 29).ResultsMann–Whitney U test was used to compare the biochemical analyte results between the two groups (P < 0.05). Significant increases in CRP (μg/mL) (median): non-infected dogs: 5.5; subclinically infected dogs 18.7; P = 0.03, Hp (g/L) (median): G1: 2.4; G2: 3.3; P = 0.03, and UIBC (μg/dL) (median): non-infected dogs: 139.4; subclinically infected dogs: 216; P = 0.0015, and significantly decreased iron (μg/dL) (median): non-infected dogs: 202.5; subclinically infected dogs: 125.7; P = 0.0041, IGF-1 (ng/mL) (median): non-infected dogs: 224; subclinically infected dogs: 123; P = 0.02, and albumin (g/dL) (median): non-infected dogs: 2.8; subclinically infected dogs: 2.5; P = 0.04 concentrations were observed in dogs with subclinical Ancylostoma spp. infection when compared to non-infected dogs.ConclusionThese findings provide an overview of the biochemical effects produced by patent Ancylostoma spp. in naturally infected dogs without any evident clinical signs of disease, which could be considered in differential diagnosis, especially in an endemic area for this parasite.

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“…Another recent study confirmed the influence of inflammation on CHr in dogs. Out of 12 canine reticulocyte variables, hemoglobin‐related reticulocyte indices such as CHr were most affected by inflammatory disease confirmed by increased C‐reactive protein (CRP) concentrations . Another study concluded that decreased CHr is not specific for absolute ID, as dogs with decreased CHr often had increased CRP concentrations and WBC counts, suggesting ongoing inflammation…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Out of 12 canine reticulocyte variables, hemoglobin-related reticulocyte indices such as CHr were most affected by inflammatory disease confirmed by increased C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations. 17 Another study concluded that decreased CHr is not specific for absolute ID, as dogs with decreased CHr often had increased CRP concentrations and WBC counts, suggesting ongoing inflammation. 20 We have demonstrated recently that in dogs, RET-He values < 20.9 pg reflect iron-deficient erythropoiesis (IDE) with a high sensitivity and specificity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine reticulocyte hemoglobin content (RET‐He) in different types of iron‐deficient erythropoiesis

Fuchs

Moritz

Grußendorf³

et al. 2017

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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Evaluation of the Relationship between Selected Reticulocyte Parameters and Inflammation determined by Plasma C-reactive Protein in Dogs

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

Evaluation of reticulocyte hemoglobin content (RET‐He) in the diagnosis of iron‐deficient erythropoiesis in dogs

Evaluation of reticulocyte hemoglobin content (RET‐He) in the diagnosis of iron‐deficient erythropoiesis in dogs

Changes in biochemical analytes in female dogs with subclinical Ancylostoma spp. infection

Canine reticulocyte hemoglobin content (RET‐He) in different types of iron‐deficient erythropoiesis

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