Evaluation of two novel immunoassays designed to detect HIV antibodies in oral fluids

Evaluation of Youth Preferences for Rapid and Innovative Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antibody Tests

“…Although the test indices of rapid tests were question-able in the late 1980s when they were developed, manufacturers have addressed the issues, and these tests are now considered to have the same sensitivities, specificities, and predicative values as ELISAs. [12][13][14]17,18 Even the analytical sensitivity of rapid assays, as assessed by seroconversion panels, to detect early infection has proven to be comparable to other licensed methods. 19 Furthermore, the ability for rapid assays to detect viral variants, such as HIV-1 group O and HIV-2, is excellent.…”

“…20 Other publications using the newer lateral flow rapid tests have also indicated excellent test indices, including the use of salvia, urine, and whole blood via fingerstick. 14,[21][22][23] In our study, the purpose was not to compare results between the methods but to offer clients a variety of tests that use sample media other than blood collected via venipuncture to determine their preferences. Although each of the 3 saliva collection systems was simple, results indicate that not all were equally desirable by participants.…”

“…The rapid test can only be performed using serum or plasma but offers results within 15 minutes. 12 However, numerous novel and rapid assays are available internationally, some of which can be performed using oral fluid or fingerstick blood 13,14 ( Table 1). In this study, we investigated the acceptability to adolescents of a variety of different collection methods and innovative testing devices that varied in invasiveness and result response time.…”

Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antibodies in Oral Fluids

“…The assay is completed in 15 min, and a positive result is read as a blue-purple dot in the IgG reference and test wells. Saville et al (67) have recently studied two combinations of oral-fluid collection devices and rapid assays designed specifically to detect HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies in oral fluids. The combinations of the Orapette collection device with SalivaCard HIV-1/HIV-2 assay from Trinity Biotech and the Omni-SAL (Saliva Diagnostics Systems) collection device with the ImmunoComb II HIV-1 and HIV-2 (Orgenics) were shown to be 100% sensitive and 99.8 to 100% specific in testing oral fluids collected from HIV-seropositive and -seronegative individuals.…”

A rapid ultrasound particle agglutination method for HIV antibody detection: Comparison with conventional rapid HIV tests

“…Rapid tests for HIV antibody detection mainly employ three generic formats: (1) membrane immunoconcentration (flow-through) devices, (2) immunochromatography (lateral flow strips), and (3) particle agglutination (Saville et al, 1997) (Syed Iqbal et al, 2008). Despite their attractive features such as rapidness and simplicity, rapid tests have critical disadvantages: limited analytical sensitivity (Sands et al, 2012) and, as a consequence, poor clinical performance characteristics (Villadiego et al, 2012).…”