Evaluation on feedstock, technologies, catalyst and reactor for sustainable biodiesel production: A review

Mohiddin, Mohd Nurfirdaus Bin; Tan, Yie Hua; Seow, Yee Xuan; Kansedo, Jibrail; Mubarak, Nabisab Mujawar; Abdullah, Mohammad Omar; Chan, Yen San; Khalid, Mohammad

doi:10.1016/j.jiec.2021.03.036

Cited by 177 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 270 publications

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“…PBRs are usually more versatile than open ponds as they can utilize sunlight, artificial light or numerous combinations of light sources. Increased photoperiod and constant light intensity provided by the artificial light source improved yearly total oil yields up to 25-42% [70,71].…”

Section: Culture Cultivation Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Industries Wastewater Recycling for Biodiesel Production through Microalgal Remediation

et al. 2021

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This article is an overview of a biosystem of food-industry wastewater (WW) treatment using microalgae towards circular bioeconomy through biosynthesis of compounds of added-value. Focusing on circular bioeconomy with concern to environmental pollution, the management of water-resource and energy-crisis could be combined; by upgrading conventional WW treatment and simultaneously producing a renewable and sustainable source of energy algal-lipids for biodiesel production. Phyco-remediation of food WW using microalgae has revealed many advantages that can fulfill new demands for the WW treatment. WWs can be valuable resources of micronutrients and organic content (carbon source) for algal cultivation. In this review, prospective routes for the production of value-added compounds (polysaccharides, amino acids, biofuels, and biopigments) along with the bioremediation of food industry WW have been discussed. Furthermore, limitations and issues of phyco-remediation of WW using microalgae have also been reviewed with perspectives for further research and development.

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Section: Culture Cultivation Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Industries Wastewater Recycling for Biodiesel Production through Microalgal Remediation

et al. 2021

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“…Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere absorbed by plants will be released back during biofuel combustion, which means there is no extra carbon emission accumulated in the atmosphere from the use of biofuels [9]. Biodiesel is one of the widely used biofuels due to its considerably similar properties to fossil diesel [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Recent Progress of Natural Sources and Manufacturing Process of Biodiesel: A Review

Supriyanto¹,

Sentanuhady

Dwiputra³

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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Biodiesel has caught the attention of many researchers because it has great potential to be a sustainable fossil fuel substitute. Biodiesel has a non-toxic and renewable nature and has been proven to emit less environmentally harmful emissions such as hydrocarbons (HC), and carbon monoxide (CO) as smoke particles during combustion. Problems related to global warming caused by greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions could also be solved by utilizing biodiesel as a daily energy source. However, the expensive cost of biodiesel production, mainly because of the cost of natural feedstock, hinders the potential of biodiesel commercialization. The selection of natural sources of biodiesel should be made with observations from economic, agricultural, and technical perspectives to obtain one feasible biodiesel with superior characteristics. This review paper presents a detailed overview of various natural sources, their physicochemical properties, the performance, emission, and combustion characteristics of biodiesel when used in a diesel engine. The recent progress in studies about natural feedstocks and manufacturing methods used in biodiesel production were evaluated in detail. Finally, the findings of the present work reveal that transesterification is currently the most superior and commonly used biodiesel production method compared to other methods available.

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“…The continuous increase of global energy demand and climate change explores the need to refine the environmental policies by adopting sustainable clean energy sources [6]. The sustainable alternative fuel should be readily available, affordable, eco-friendly, and technically viable [7]. In this search, it is found that biodiesel is the most suitable sustainable fuel for diesel engine due to its similar fuel properties and clean Energies 2021, 14, 6064. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14196064 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/energies…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Energies 2021, 14, 6064 2 of 14 burning [7]. The biodiesel is a mono-alkyl ester of long chain fatty acids [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transesterification of Pyrolysed Castor Seed Oil in the Presence of CaCu(OCH3)2 Catalyst

et al. 2021

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Energy consumption is on the rise due to rapid technological progress and a higher standard of living. The use of alternative energy resources is essential to meet the rising energy demand and mitigate the carbon emissions caused due to use of fossil-based fuels. Biodiesel produced from non-edible oils such as castor seed oil (CO) can be used in diesel engines to replace fossil diesel. However, the quality and yields for CO biodiesel is low due to the presence of ricinolic acid C18:1OH (79%). In this study, two-stage conversion techniques were used to improve the yields and properties of CO biodiesel. The catalyst CaCu(OCH3)2 was prepared from waste eggshell and synthesized with copper oxide in the presence of methanol. The castor oil was subjected to pyrolysis at 450–500 ℃ and then transesterified in the presence of modified catalyst. The reaction parameters such as methanol-to-oil ratio and catalyst and reaction time were investigated, and the optimum combination was used to produce castor biodiesel from pyrolysis castor oil. Results showed that the cetane number and oxidation stability were increased by 7% and 42% respectively. The viscosity, density, flash point, and iodine value were decreased by 52%, 3%, 5% and 6%, respectively. The calorific values remained the same. This study suggests that pyrolyzed castor seed oil followed by transesterification in the presence of a modified catalyst gave better fuel properties and yields than the conventional transesterification process for biodiesel fuel production.

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Evaluation on feedstock, technologies, catalyst and reactor for sustainable biodiesel production: A review

Cited by 177 publications

References 270 publications

Food Industries Wastewater Recycling for Biodiesel Production through Microalgal Remediation

Food Industries Wastewater Recycling for Biodiesel Production through Microalgal Remediation

The Recent Progress of Natural Sources and Manufacturing Process of Biodiesel: A Review

Transesterification of Pyrolysed Castor Seed Oil in the Presence of CaCu(OCH3)2 Catalyst

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