Evapotranspiration from fens in relation to Penman's potential free water evaporation (EO) and pan evaporation

Koerselman, Willem; Beltman, B.

doi:10.1016/0304-3770(88)90019-8

Cited by 68 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Downward water flow is expected to be enhanced by evapotranspiration in summer (Koerselman and Beltman 1988). Our results show that surface water ammonium and phosphate concentrations were lower in the vegetated zone, as also found by Coveney et al (2002), Kufel and Kufel (2002) and Krolikowska (1997).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Helophytes take up nutrients from the sediment or directly from the surface water using adventitious roots (Coops et al 1996). Evapotranspiration causes a depletion of water near the roots, resulting in a net flow of surface water (including nutrients) into the sediment (Koerselman and Beltman 1988). Most of the studies mentioned have, however, been done in constructed wetlands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutrient Cycling and Retention Along a Littoral Gradient in a Dutch Shallow Lake in Relation to Water Level Regime

Sollie

Verhoeven

2008

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Littoral zones are characterized by gradients in depth and vegetation biomass, influencing nutrient retention capacity. A field experiment was conducted in a Phragmites australis dominated littoral zone to investigate nutrient retention and its effect on surface water quality. Measurements were done in mesocosms where water levels could be manipulated. Nutrient status was investigated along a gradient perpendicular to the shore during two growing seasons, one with a stable water level and one with a gradually decreasing water level. Nutrient concentrations in sediment, soil pore water and surface water were significantly lower in the vegetated than in the unvegetated zone. The negative correlations of nutrients in sediment and water, with nutrient contents of the vegetation suggest a direct effect of the vegetation. Nutrient uptake and biomass of the vegetation was higher in continuously flooded soils than in seasonally emerging sediments higher along the littoral gradient, probably due to the increased salinity in drained zones. Denitrification rate was highest in the unvegetated zone and was positively related to water level. Flooded littoral zones did result in a higher nutrient retention than drained zones. On small scale, for an optimal nutrient retention a fluctuating regime is not necessarily better suited than a stable water level, but on a larger scale it can substantially increase the width of the vegetated zone. It is important to optimize conditions for helophyte growth since the positive effect of vegetation on nutrient retention, at least at local scale, has been demonstrated in this study.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient Cycling and Retention Along a Littoral Gradient in a Dutch Shallow Lake in Relation to Water Level Regime

Sollie

Verhoeven

2008

Water Air Soil Pollut

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“…The winter of 1995-96 was relatively dry, resulting in a mean precipitation in 1996 of 660 mm year 1 . Potential evapotranspiration was calculated from global radiation and temperature by the Makkink equation (Makkink, 1957) and by using a combined crop factor for Sphagnum and Polytrichum (Koerselman and Beltman, 1988;van Wirdum, 1991). The throughfall factor of the vegetation was 0Ð9 (Koerselman and Beltman, 1988;van Wirdum, 1991), resulting in a mean throughfall rate of 806 mm year 1 .…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling hydrological management for the restoration of acidified floating fens

Dekker¹,

Barendregt²,

Bootsma³

et al. 2005

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:Wetlands show a large decline in biodiversity. To protect and restore this biodiversity, many restoration projects are carried out. Hydrology in wetlands controls the chemical and biological processes and may be the most important factor regulating wetland function and development. Hydrological models may be used to simulate these processes and to evaluate management scenarios for restoration. HYDRUS2D, a combined saturated-unsaturated groundwater flow and transport model, is presented. This simulates near-surface hydrological processes in an acidified floating fen, with the aim to evaluate the effect of hydrological restoration in terms of conditions for biodiversity. In the acidified floating fen in the nature reserve Ilperveld (The Netherlands), a trench system was dug for the purpose of creating a runoff channel for acid rainwater in wet periods and to enable circum-neutral surface water to enter the fen in dry periods. The model is calibrated against measured conductivity values for a 5 year period. From the model simulations, it was found that lateral flow in the floating raft is limited. Furthermore, the model shows that the best management option is a combination of trenches and inundation, which gave the best soil water quality in the root zone. It is concluded that hydrological models can be used for the calculation of management scenarios in restoration projects. The combined saturated-unsaturated model concept used in this paper is able to incorporate the governing hydrological processes in the wetland root zones.

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“…Open water evaporation is well described from the early work of Penman (1948) to the more recent work of Finch (2001) and Rosenberry et al (2007) but none accounts for the effects of dense vegetation cover on radiative shading and the prevention of convection over the water surface by a tall and dense canopy. There are surface evaporation studies of peat (Nichols and Brown, 1980;Koerselman and Beltman, 1988;Lafleur and Roulet, 1992;Thompson et al, 1999;Clulow et al, 2012), but none in the context of a subtropical swamp forest. In addition the vegetated canopy is complex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extending periodic eddy covariance latent heat fluxes through tree sap-flow measurements to estimate long-term total evaporation in a peat swamp forest

Clulow

Everson

Mengistu

et al. 2015

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract.A combination of measurement and modelling was used to find a pragmatic solution to estimate the annual total evaporation from the rare and indigenous Nkazana Peat Swamp Forest (PSF) on the east coast of Southern Africa to improve the water balance estimates within the area. Actual total evaporation (ET a ) was measured during three window periods (between 7 and 9 days each) using an eddy covariance (EC) system on a telescopic mast above the forest canopy. Sap flows of an understory tree and an emergent tree were measured using a low-maintenance heat pulse velocity system for an entire hydrological year (October 2009 to September 2010). An empirical model was derived, describing the relationship between ET a from the Nkazana PSF and sap-flow measurements. These overlapped during two of the window periods (R 2 = 0.92 and 0.90), providing hourly estimates of ET a from the Nkazana PSF for a year, totalling 1125 mm (while rainfall was 650 mm). In building the empirical model, it was found that to include the understory tree sap flow provided no benefit to the model performance. In addition, the relationship between the emergent tree sap flow with ET a between the two field campaigns was consistent and could be represented by a single empirical model (R 2 = 0.90; RMSE = 0.08 mm h −1 ). During the window periods of EC measurement, no single meteorological variable was found to describe the Nkazana PSF ET a satisfactorily. However, in terms of evaporation models, the hourly FAO Penman-Monteith reference evap-

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Evapotranspiration from fens in relation to Penman's potential free water evaporation (EO) and pan evaporation

Cited by 68 publications

References 12 publications

Nutrient Cycling and Retention Along a Littoral Gradient in a Dutch Shallow Lake in Relation to Water Level Regime

Nutrient Cycling and Retention Along a Littoral Gradient in a Dutch Shallow Lake in Relation to Water Level Regime

Modelling hydrological management for the restoration of acidified floating fens

Extending periodic eddy covariance latent heat fluxes through tree sap-flow measurements to estimate long-term total evaporation in a peat swamp forest

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