N-Acetylvalyl-tRNAYl (AcVal-tRNA 1) was bound to the P site of uniformly 32P-labeled 70S ribosomes from Escherichia coli and crosslinked to 16S RNA in the 30S ribosomal subunit by irradiation with light of300-400 nm. To identify the crosslinked nucleotide in 16S RNA, AcVal-tRNAY. l-16S [32P]RNA was digested completely with RNase TI and the band containing the covalently attached oligonucleotides from tRNA and rRNA was isolated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The crosslinked oligonucleotide, and the 32P-labeled rRNA moiety released from it by photoreversal of the crosslink at 254 nm, were then analyzed by secondary hydrolysis with pancreatic RNase A and RNase U2. The oligonucleotide derived from 16S RNA was found to be the evolutionarily conserved sequence, U-A-C-A-C-A-C-C-G1401, and the nucleotide crosslinked to tRNAI , C14W. The identity of the covalently attached residue in the tRNA was established by using AcVal-tRNAlv-16S RNA prepared from unlabeled ribosomes.This complex was digested to completion with RNase T1 and the resulting RNA fragments were labeled at the 3' end with [5'-32P]pCp. The crosslinked Ti oligonucleotide isolated from the mixture yielded one major end-labeled component upon photoreversal. Chemical sequence analysis demonstrated that this product was derived from the anticodon-containing pentadecanucleo-