Evolution of cryptic gene pools in Hypericum perforatum: the influence of reproductive system and gene flow

Koch, Marcus A.; Scheriau, Charlotte; Betzin, Anja; Hohmann, Nora; Sharbel, Timothy F.

doi:10.1093/aob/mct065

Cited by 27 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The 93 wild accessions of H. perforatum L. used in this study cover the complete range of ploidy, mode of reproduction and genetic backgrounds as determined by Koch et al . () and Molins et al . () (Table S1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 93 wild accessions of H. perforatum L. used in this study cover the complete range of ploidy, mode of reproduction and genetic backgrounds as determined by Koch et al (2013) and Molins et al (2014) (Table S1). Fifty seeds per genotype were sown 1 cm deep in 12 9 10 cm pots and kept in long-day conditions: 16 h light, 250 lmol/s/m 2 at 21°C; and 8 h darkness at 18°C.…”

Section: Plant Materials and Growth Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Discovery of key regulators of dark gland development and hypericin biosynthesis in St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum)

Rizzo

Altschmied

Stark

et al. 2019

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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Summary Hypericin is a molecule of high pharmaceutical importance that is synthesized and stored in dark glands (DGs) of St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum). Understanding which genes are involved in dark gland development and hypericin biosynthesis is important for the development of new Hypericum extracts that are highly demanded for medical applications. We identified two transcription factors whose expression is strictly synchronized with the differentiation of DGs. We correlated the content of hypericin, pseudohypericin, endocrocin, skyrin glycosides and several flavonoids with gene expression and DG development to obtain a revised model for hypericin biosynthesis. Here, we report for the first time genotypes which are polymorphic for the presence/total absence (G+/G−) of DGs in their placental tissues (PTs). DG development was characterized in PTs using several microscopy techniques. Fourier transform infrared microscopy was established as a novel method to precisely locate polyaromatic compounds, such as hypericin, in plant tissues. In addition, we obtained transcriptome and metabolome profiles of unprecedented resolution in Hypericum. This study addresses for the first time the development of dark glands and identifies genes that constitute strong building blocks for the further elucidation of hypericin synthesis, its manipulation in plants, its engineering in microbial systems and its applications in medical research.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plant Materials and Growth Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of key regulators of dark gland development and hypericin biosynthesis in St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum)

Rizzo

Altschmied

Stark

et al. 2019

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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“…However, it was recently implied that the plant has a single evolutionary origin and arose from independent and recurrent polyploidization of two different ancestral gene pools along with occurrence of substantial gene flow within and between H. perforatum and H. maculatum (Koch et al 2013). As both sexual and aposporic processes can simultaneously occur in a given plant, St. John's wort is considered as a facultative apomict species (Percifield et al 2007;Mártonfi et al 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic relationships of Iranian Hypericum perforatum L. wild populations as evaluated by ISSR markers

et al. 2014

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St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.), as the most important medicinal species of the genus Hypericum, is medicinally used for many purposes such as treatment of mild and moderate depression. Considering importance of knowledge on genetic structure of wild relatives of crop plants, the present study was aimed to assess genetic variability among ten wild populations of H. perforatum growing in different climatic regions of Iran via ISSR markers. In general 15 selected primers generated 191 polymorphic fragments with an average of 12 in each primer. According to the UPGMA constructed dendrogram and PCoA, studied populations were classified into four main groups which was, to the some extent, in accordance with their geographical origins. Genetic distances of these populations ranged from 0.109 (Nor and Nowshahr) to 0.345 (Ardebil and Galogah). Also, Nei gene diversity (H e ) values were calculated to be from 0.066 to 0.216 and Shannon's information indices (I) varied from 0.321 to 0.097. Nei's genetic differentiation index (G st ) was high (0.573) indicating the high levels of genetic variation among the studied populations. Finally, the gene flow (N m ) value was found to be 0.372. Obtained information is useful for use of Iranian H. perforatum germplasm for breeding programs and for development of effective conservation strategies.

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“…Similar to PCA, CAN reduces the variable space to those discriminants that are responsible for assigning individuals to previously defined groups, and is often employed to determine those variables with the most discriminatory power (e.g. Koch et al 2013; Semple and Chmielewski 1987). Stepwise discriminant analysis (SDA) is a method designed to order variables by discriminatory power, adding variables in a stepwise fashion according to the amount of correlation of the variable to the reduced eigenvectors.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species delimitation and recognition in the Pediomelum megalanthum complex (Fabaceae) via multivariate morphometrics

Egan¹

2015

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Pediomelum is a genus endemic to North America comprising about 26 species, including the megalanthum complex, which consists of Pediomelum megalanthum and its varieties retrorsum and megalanthum, Pediomelum mephiticum, and the recently described Pediomelum verdiense and Pediomelum pauperitense. Historically, species of the megalanthum complex have been variably recognized at the species or variety levels, dependent upon the relative importance of morphological characters as diagnostic of species. Ten quantitative morphological characters regarded as diagnostic at the species level were analyzed using multivariate morphometrics across these taxa in order to examine the discriminatory power of these characters to delineate species and to aid in species delimitation. The analyses support the recognition of Pediomelum megalanthum, Pediomelum mephiticum, and Pediomelum verdiense at the species level, Pediomelum retrorsum as a variety under Pediomelum megalanthum, and suggest the sinking of Pediomelum pauperitense into Pediomelum verdiense. The findings of the present study help quantify the power of certain characters at delimiting taxa and provide a basis for taxonomic revision of the Pediomelum megalanthum complex.

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Evolution of cryptic gene pools in Hypericum perforatum: the influence of reproductive system and gene flow

Cited by 27 publications

References 51 publications

Discovery of key regulators of dark gland development and hypericin biosynthesis in St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum)

Discovery of key regulators of dark gland development and hypericin biosynthesis in St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum)

Genetic relationships of Iranian Hypericum perforatum L. wild populations as evaluated by ISSR markers

Species delimitation and recognition in the Pediomelum megalanthum complex (Fabaceae) via multivariate morphometrics

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