Evolution of metal nitriding and hydriding reactions during ammonia plasma-assisted ball milling

Li, Y.; Zeng, Meiqin; Liu, J.W.; Lu, Zhijiang

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.07.048

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This nding is consistent with a previous observation that the chemical reaction between N 2 and Ti by conventional ball milling requires a very long time (e.g., 300 h) [20]. The facile synthesis of the TiN phase during the N 2 plasma milling process is attributed to charged N radicals produced by the N 2 discharge interacting with the surface of the Ti metal powder, promoting dislocation movement and grain-boundary migration [21], as shown in Fig. 3(b).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

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Fabrication of TiN-doped Ti nanocomposites with high strength and ductility by plasma-assisted ball milling and selective laser melting

Zang,

Yin,

Hong

et al. 2024

Preprint

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An efficient method to fabricate titanium nitride (TiN)-doped titanium (Ti) nanocomposites through a combination of plasma milling, plasma spheroidization, and selective laser melting (SLM) was developed to obtain Ti-based materials with high strength and ductility from commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti). Nitrogen plasma milling and plasma spheroidization were used to fabricate Ti-TiN nanocomposites, which were mixed with CP-Ti powder at a 1:9 ratio and printed by SLM forming. The resulting materials possessed a dual-scale morphology with both coarse lath-like and fine acicular-like grains. The Ti-TiN nanocomposites possessed higher hardness and tensile strength and lower ductility than those of the control sample without TiN. The mechanical properties of the SLM-printed Ti-TiN nanocomposites were improved compared with those of SLM-printed CP-Ti because of the TiN particles and resulting dual-scale structure. Nitrogen plasma milling provides a simple route to fabricate TiN nanophase-reinforced Ti-based nanocomposites suitable for SLM printing.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Discharge plasma can accelerate the kinetics of compound synthesis and powder activation. We synthesized TiH 2 and TiN phases in a short time by ammonia plasmaassisted ball milling of Ti powder [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of TiN-doped Ti nanocomposites with high strength and ductility by plasma-assisted ball milling and selective laser melting

Zang,

Yin,

Hong

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…However, the process can be conducted in a reactive gas atmosphere (e.g., N 2 , NH 3 , H 2 ), allowing for a 'solid-gas' interaction and the formation of nitrides and hydrates. For example, plasma-assisted ball milling was used to rapidly obtain Mg 3 N 2 , TiH 2 , and TiN powders [16], as well as more complex HfC x N y compounds [17]. Alternatively, with the participation of a gaseous reagent, MS can be carried out in a high-energy planetary ball mill, which allows for the shortening of the processing duration to up to 30-90 min [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hafnium-Zirconium Carbonitride (Hf,Zr)(C,N) by One Step Mechanically Induced Self-Sustaining Reaction: Powder Synthesis and Spark Plasma Sintering

et al. 2023

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Nanostructured single-phase hafnium-zirconium carbonitride powders were synthesized using a simple and fast mechanochemical synthesis approach. The critical milling duration, after which a (Hf,Zr)(C,N) solid solution formation inside a jar occurred via mechanically induced self-sustained reaction (MSR), was 10 min. After 30 min of treatment, a solid-gas reaction was completed, and as a result, a homogeneous (Hf,Zr)(C,N) powder consisting of 10–500 nm submicron particles was obtained. The phase and structure evolution of the powders after different treatment durations allowed for the establishment of possible reaction mechanisms, which included the formation of Hf/Zr/C-layered composite particles, their interaction via MSR, and further grinding and nitridization. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) was used to produce bulk hafnium-zirconium carbonitride ceramics from nanostructured powder. The sample had higher values of relative density, hardness, and fracture toughness than those for binary compounds of a similar composition.

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“…This material has been considerably applied in various fields such as wear-resistant coatings on machine tools and bearings, and nontoxic exteriors on medical implants. Several physical and chemical methods have been reported in the literature for synthesizing TiN such as direct nitridation of metallic Ti [2], carbothermal reduction in TiO 2 in N 2 atmosphere [3], microwave-assisted or direct carbothermic reduction-nitridation of FeTiO 3 [4], self-propagating high-temperature synthesis [5], and microwave plasma synthesis [6]. However, these processes require costly raw materials, high temperatures, long reaction time, and/or costly equipment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Sodium Borate on the Preparation of TiN from Titanomagnetite Concentrates by Carbothermic Reduction–Magnetic Separation and Acid Leaching Process

Wen

Chen

et al. 2019

Minerals

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Carbothermic reduction–magnetic separation and acid leaching processes were used to produce TiN and direct reduced iron (DRI) from titanomagnetite concentrates. The effects of sodium borate on the reduction behavior of TMCs, the magnetic separation of the reduced products, and the purification of the impure TiN by acid leaching were investigated. Results of x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis showed that magnesium aluminate spinel (MgAl2O4) was generated in the reduced products, which could hinder the purification of the TiN. Adding sodium borate not only inhibited the formation of MgAl2O4, but also promoted the formation of TiN by decreasing the roasting temperature and time. Adding sodium borate slightly affected the separation of metallic Fe and TiN. By adding 16% sodium borate, a DRI with 94.3% Fe, 0.6% Ti, and 0.1% V was obtained by magnetic separation. After HCl + HF leaching, the TiN product containing 74.1% Ti and 2.8% V was obtained with the Ti recovery of 94.6% and V recovery of 58.3%.

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Evolution of metal nitriding and hydriding reactions during ammonia plasma-assisted ball milling

Cited by 9 publications

References 26 publications

Fabrication of TiN-doped Ti nanocomposites with high strength and ductility by plasma-assisted ball milling and selective laser melting

Fabrication of TiN-doped Ti nanocomposites with high strength and ductility by plasma-assisted ball milling and selective laser melting

Hafnium-Zirconium Carbonitride (Hf,Zr)(C,N) by One Step Mechanically Induced Self-Sustaining Reaction: Powder Synthesis and Spark Plasma Sintering

Effect of Sodium Borate on the Preparation of TiN from Titanomagnetite Concentrates by Carbothermic Reduction–Magnetic Separation and Acid Leaching Process

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