Evolutionary Ecology of Human Papillomavirus: Trade-offs, Coexistence, and Origins of High-Risk and Low-Risk Types

Orlando, Paul A.; Gatenby, Robert A.; Giuliano, Anna R.; Brown, Joel S.

doi:10.1093/infdis/jir717

Cited by 39 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For an infection of 1.5 years (HPV-16 is cleared between 0.5 and 4.9 years [48] and on average before 2 years) we find that the optimal oncogene expression, 1*, is below 0.2 ( figure 3a). This model thus depicts the HR HPV type strategy of producing few extra self-dividing infected cells in order to have lesions that are fairly flat on the surface during acute infections [16].…”

Section: Results (A) Unvaccinated Host Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clearance after immune detection, then, appears to be a major factor affecting HPV's life history. Therefore, we and Orlando et al [16] believe that the main trade-off that affects this virus is the transmission-recovery trade-off [17,18], and not the classic transmission-virulence trade-off that constrains more virulent pathogens [16] (we are unaware of studies that suggest the contrary). The transmission-recovery trade-off posits that host recovery is the main limitation on pathogen replication because if recovery happens before transmission, then the pathogen's basic reproduction number R 0 is less than 1 and it cannot persistently circulate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In a recent study, Orlando et al [16] found that HR types are best suited for transmission in long partnerships (because HR infections last longer), while shorter partnerships with higher turnover rates allow for the persistence of LR types (because LR types are cleared faster). We show here that by artificially shortening the infection duration, targeted HR types can more strongly adopt the strategy of cell proliferation (a strategy that was costly in natural conditions) in order to increase their chance of transmission, thus adopting a similar strategy to LR types.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, HPV infection is exclusively intraepithelial, which causes no viremia and also hides antigen [11]; therefore extra cell growth is a signal to the immune system that something is wrong [11,16]. Second, the cellmediated response needed for clearance is predominantly against the oncogene E6 [12,13,36].…”

Section: (A) Within-host Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Could the human papillomavirus vaccines drive virulence evolution?

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines hold great promise for preventing several cancers caused by HPV infections. Yet little attention has been given to whether HPV could respond evolutionarily to the new selection pressures imposed on it by the novel immunity response created by the vaccine. Here, we present and theoretically validate a mechanism by which the vaccine alters the transmission-recovery trade-off that constrains HPV's virulence such that higher oncogene expression is favoured. With a high oncogene expression strategy, the virus is able to increase its viral load and infected cell population before clearance by the vaccine, thus improving its chances of transmission. This new rapid cell-proliferation strategy is able to circulate between hosts with medium to high turnover rates of sexual partners. We also discuss the importance of better quantifying the duration of challenge infections and the degree to which a vaccinated host can shed virus. The generality of the models presented here suggests a wider applicability of this mechanism, and thus highlights the need to investigate viral oncogenicity from an evolutionary perspective.

show abstract

Section: Results (A) Unvaccinated Host Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (A) Within-host Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Could the human papillomavirus vaccines drive virulence evolution?

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Since that time, our knowledge of the virus in subjects with HPV-associated lesions has increased, revealing the great complexity of the ecosystem of this pathogen [3-5]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of human papillomavirus in young Italian women with normal cytology: how should we adapt the national vaccination policy?

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundHuman Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection. In Italy, HPV vaccination is now offered free of charge to 12-year-old females. However, some regional health authorities have extended free vaccination to other age-groups, especially to girls under 18 years of age. We conducted a multicentre epidemiological study to ascertain the prevalence of different genotypes of HPV in young Italian women with normal cytology, with the aim of evaluating the possibility of extending vaccination to older females.MethodsThe study was performed in 2010. Women aged 16–26 years with normal cytology were studied. Cervical samples were analyzed to identify the presence of HPV by PCR amplification of a segment of ORF L1 (450 bp). All positive HPV-DNA samples underwent viral genotype analysis by means of a restriction fragment length polymorphism assay.ResultsPositivity for at least one HPV genotype was found in 18.2% of the 566 women recruited: 48.1% in the 16–17 age-class, 15.4 in the 18–20 age-class, 21.9% in the 21–23 age-class, and 15.5% in the 24–26 age-class; 10.1% of women were infected by at least one high-risk HPV genotype. HPV-16 was the most prevalent genotype. Only 4 (0.7%), 4 (0.7%) and 3 (0.5%) women were infected by HPV-18, HPV-6 and HPV-11, respectively. Of the HPV-DNA-positive women, 64.1% presented only one viral genotype, while 24.3% had multiple infections. The HPV genotypes most often involved in multiple infections were high-risk. A high prevalence was noted in the first years of sexual activity (48.1% of HPV-DNA-positive women aged 16–17 years); HPV prevalence subsequently declined and stabilized.The estimate of cumulative proportions of young women free from any HPV infection at each age was evaluated; 93.3% and 97.1% of 26 year-old women proved free from HPV-16 and/or HPV-18 and from HPV-6 and/or HPV-11, respectively.ConclusionsOur findings confirm the crucial importance of conducting studies on women without cytological damage, in order to optimise and up-date preventive interventions against HPV infection, and suggest that vaccinating 26-year-old females at the time of their first pap-test is to be recommend, though this issue should be further explored.

show abstract

Dynamics of oral human papillomavirus infection in healthy population and head and neck cancer

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The global incidence of head and neck cancer (HNC) is about 660,000 cases, with a mortality of 325,000 patients annually. 1 Tobacco consumption (smoking and smokeless) has contributed to an increased incidence of HNC (6.1 per 100,000 women and 20.9 per 100,000 men) in the Indian subcontinent, accounting for one-third of the global burden. 2 The recent increase in HNC in nonsmoking, nonalcoholic young individuals is primarily attributed to mucosal high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection. 3 Though Zur Hausen reported the oncogenic

show abstract

Evolutionary Ecology of Human Papillomavirus: Trade-offs, Coexistence, and Origins of High-Risk and Low-Risk Types

Abstract: Our results indicate that the elimination of HR HPV through vaccines may alter the evolutionary trajectory of the remaining types and promote evolution of new HR HPV types.

Cited by 39 publications

References 33 publications

Could the human papillomavirus vaccines drive virulence evolution?

Could the human papillomavirus vaccines drive virulence evolution?

Prevalence of human papillomavirus in young Italian women with normal cytology: how should we adapt the national vaccination policy?

Dynamics of oral human papillomavirus infection in healthy population and head and neck cancer

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About