Exceptional European warmth of autumn 2006 and winter 2007: Historical context, the underlying dynamics, and its phenological impacts

Luterbacher, Jürg; Liniger, Mark A.; Menzel, Annette; Estrella, Nicole; Della-Marta, Paul M.; Pfister, Christian; Rutishauser, This; Xoplaki, Elena

doi:10.1029/2007gl029951

Cited by 184 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Climatologically, this winter was not particularly cold or wet, but it did have exceptionally few thawing episodes (Pinto et al 2007). Winter 2006/2007 was exceptionally warm and was extremely likely to have been the warmest for more than 500 years (Luterbacher et al 2007). The winter of 2009/2010 had large snowfall, which was associated with a negative North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO, see Chap.…”

Section: Extreme Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Change—Terrestrial Cryosphere

Rasmus

Boelhouwers

Briede

et al. 2015

Regional Climate Studies

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This chapter compiles and assesses information on recent and current change within the terrestrial cryosphere of the Baltic Sea drainage basin. Findings are based on long-term observations. Snow cover extent (SCE), duration and amount have shown a widespread decrease although there is large interannual and regional variation. Few data are available on changes in snow structural properties. There is no evidence for a recent change in the frequency or severity of snow-related extreme events. There has been a decrease in glacier coverage in Sweden and glacier ice thickness in inland Scandinavia. The European permafrost is warming, and there has been a northward retreat of the southern boundary of near-surface permafrost in European Russia.Keywords seasonal snow cover Á glaciers Á seasonally frozen ground Á permafrost 6

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Section: Extreme Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Change—Terrestrial Cryosphere

Rasmus

Boelhouwers

Briede

et al. 2015

Regional Climate Studies

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“…In Fig. 3, we present seasonal climate diagrams for temperature and precipitation (Luterbacher et al, 2000(Luterbacher et al, , 2004(Luterbacher et al, , 2007Xoplaki et al, 2005;Pauling et al, 2006) for the early eighteenth century (1710-1739), the 30 yr prior to the famine. A solid red vertical line marks the average values for the reference period and blue dashed lines mark the respective seasons in the famine years of 1740-1741.…”

Section: Initiating Drivermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4.1 is an in-depth analysis of pre-famine vulnerability; in Sect. 4.2, using temperature and precipitation reconstructions from Luterbacher et al (2004Luterbacher et al ( , 2007, Xoplaki et al (2005) and Pauling et al (2006), we describe climate conditions in Ireland between 1739 and 1741; Sect. 4.3 looks at the impacts on, and coping strategies of, Irish society; finally, Sect.…”

Section: S Engler Et Al: the Irish Famine Of 1740-1741: Famine Vulnmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We use the seasonal temperature and precipitation reconstructions for Ireland by Luterbacher et al (2004Luterbacher et al ( , 2007, Xoplaki et al (2005) and Pauling et al (2006). In Fig.…”

Section: Initiating Drivermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4.3 and 4.4). Luterbacher et al (2004Luterbacher et al ( , 2007 and Xoplaki et al (2005). The figure was plotted using the KNMI Climate Explorer.…”

Section: The General Character Of the Crisismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Irish famine of 1740–1741: famine vulnerability and "climate migration"

et al. 2013

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Abstract. The "Great Frost" of 1740 was one of the coldest winters of the eighteenth century and impacted many countries all over Europe. The years 1740–1741 have long been known as a period of general crisis caused by harvest failures, high prices for staple foods, and excess mortality. Vulnerabilities, coping capacities and adaptation processes varied considerably among different countries. This paper investigates the famine of 1740–1741 in Ireland applying a multi-indicator model developed specifically for the integration of an analysis of pre-famine vulnerability, the Famine Vulnerability Analysis Model (FVAM). Our focus is on Ireland, because famine has played a more outstanding role in Irish national history than in any other European country, due to the "Great Famine" of 1845–1852 and its long-term demographic effects. Our analysis shows that Ireland was already particularly vulnerable to famine in the first half of the eighteenth century. During and after the experience of hardship in 1740–1741, many Irish moved within Ireland or left the country entirely. We regard migration as a form of adaptation and argue that Irish migration in 1740–1741 should be considered as a case of climate-induced migration.

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Intercomparison of satellite sensor land surface phenology and ground phenology in Europe

Rodríguez-Galiano

Dash

Atkinson

2015

Geophysical Research Letters

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Land surface phenology (LSP) and ground phenology (GP) are both important sources of information for monitoring terrestrial ecosystem responses to climate changes. Each measures different vegetation phenological stages and has different sources of uncertainties, which make comparison in absolute terms challenging, and therefore, there has been limited attempts to evaluate the complementary nature of both measures. However, both LSP and GP are climate driven and therefore should exhibit similar interannual variation. LSP obtained from the whole time series of Medium‐Resolution Imaging Spectrometer data was compared to thousands of deciduous tree ground phenology records of the Pan European Phenology network (PEP725). Correlations observed between the interannual time series of the satellite sensor estimates of phenology and PEP725 records revealed a close agreement (especially for Betula Pendula and Fagus Sylvatica species). In particular, 90% of the statistically significant correlations between LSP and GP were positive (mean R2 = 0.77). A large spatiotemporal correlation was observed between the dates of the start of season (end of season) from space and leaf unfolding (autumn coloring) at the ground (pseudo R2 of 0.70 (0.71)) through the application of nonlinear multivariate models, providing, for the first time, the ability to predict accurately the date of leaf unfolding (autumn coloring) across Europe (root‐mean‐square error of 5.97 days (6.75 days) over 365 days).

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Exceptional European warmth of autumn 2006 and winter 2007: Historical context, the underlying dynamics, and its phenological impacts

Cited by 184 publications

References 31 publications

Recent Change—Terrestrial Cryosphere

Recent Change—Terrestrial Cryosphere

The Irish famine of 1740–1741: famine vulnerability and "climate migration"

Intercomparison of satellite sensor land surface phenology and ground phenology in Europe

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Exceptional European warmth of autumn 2006 and winter 2007: Historical context, the underlying dynamics, and its phenological impacts

Cited by 184 publications

References 31 publications

Recent Change—Terrestrial Cryosphere

Recent Change—Terrestrial Cryosphere

The Irish famine of 1740–1741: famine vulnerability and &quot;climate migration&quot;

Intercomparison of satellite sensor land surface phenology and ground phenology in Europe

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The Irish famine of 1740–1741: famine vulnerability and "climate migration"