Exceptionally high thermal and electrical conductivity of three-dimensional graphene-foam-based polymer composites

Liu, Zhiduo; Shen, Dianyu; Yu, Jinhong; Dai, Wen; Li, Chaoyang; Du, Shiyu; Jiang, Nan; Li, Hairong; Lin, Cheng‐Te

doi:10.1039/c5ra27223h

Cited by 111 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Moreover, this hybridization affected the thermal conductivity of PCM by 195%, thereby providing good thermal stability and thermal reliability . Another research utilized graphene derivatives and CNT due to their superior properties . In comparison with PCM, silicone thermal grease was improved throughout the structure.…”

Section: Carbon Allotrope Materials In Tims Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the cost is high due to the complicated structure that requires few processes. Meanwhile, the graphene framework and dispersed polymer have gained much attention due to their moderate cost and good adaptability . Although the cost of fabricating graphene framework is high, its thermal conductivity is much higher than that of dispersed polymer .…”

Section: Carbon Allotrope Materials In Tims Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…115 Another research utilized graphene derivatives and CNT due to their superior properties. [116][117][118] In comparison with PCM, silicone thermal grease was improved throughout the structure. Silicon thermal grease is a typical polymerbased TIMs that contain silicone and thermal conductive fillers, is still the main selection due to its light weight, flexibility, and functionality with other materials.…”

Section: Graphenementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, the graphene framework and dispersed polymer have gained much attention due to their moderate cost and good adaptability. [116][117][118][119][120][121] Although the cost of fabricating graphene framework is high, its thermal conductivity is much higher than that of dispersed polymer. 122 Table 2 presents current works on graphene-based TIMs.…”

Section: Graphenementioning

confidence: 99%

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Allotrope carbon materials in thermal interface materials and fuel cell applications: A review

2019

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Summary The performance of allotrope carbon materials has been explored because of their superior properties in energy system applications. This review provides an understanding of the current work focusing on the applications of selected carbon materials in important energy systems, focus on thermal interface materials (TIMs), and fuel cell applications. This article begins with the introduction of TIMs and fuel cell in general working principle and presents details on carbon materials. The discussion focuses on updates from the latest research work and addresses current challenges and opportunities for research toward TIMs and fuel cell applications. The optimum performance of TIMs was seen when thermal conductivity achieved at a maximum of 3000 W (m K)−1 by using vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and a minimum internal thermal resistance of 0.3 mm2 K W−1. Meanwhile for fuel cell, the platinum/CNTs catalyst applied proton exchange membrane fuel cell achieved high power density of 661 mW cm−2 in the presence of Nafion electrolyte membrane. This review provides insights for scientists about the use of carbon materials, especially in energy system applications.

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Section: Carbon Allotrope Materials In Tims Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Carbon Allotrope Materials In Tims Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Graphenementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Graphenementioning

confidence: 99%

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Allotrope carbon materials in thermal interface materials and fuel cell applications: A review

2019

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“…109, 253107-1 plane thermal conduction as free standing foams or when combined with secondary polymer to form a composite. 13,14 The percolated skeletal carbon ligaments provide heat transport pathways with no interfacial contact points and hence reduced interfacial phonon scattering, and graphene foam composite systems have demonstrated ligament thermal conductivities greater than 1600 W/m-K. 15 In addition, free standing graphene foams, with ligament thermal conductivity estimated to be 500 W/m-K, have demonstrated high effective thermal conductivity under compression and exceptional performance in thermal interface applications. 16 However, expensive, high temperature and time consuming CVD or pyrolytic methods are often used to fabricated graphene foams, pricing graphene foam based TIMs out of the commercial market [13][14][15][16] (high performance TIMs typically sell for between $0.5 and $5.00/in.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal conductivity enhancement of laser induced graphene foam upon P3HT infiltration

Smith

Luong

Bougher

et al. 2016

Applied Physics Letters

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Significant research has been dedicated to the exploration of high thermal conductivity polymer composite materials with conductive filler particles for use in heat transfer applications. However, poor particle dispersibility and interfacial phonon scattering have limited the effective composite thermal conductivity. Three-dimensional foams with high ligament thermal conductivity offer a potential solution to the two aforementioned problems but are traditionally fabricated through expensive and/or complex manufacturing methods. Here, laser induced graphene foams, fabricated through a simple and cost effective laser ablation method, are infiltrated with poly(3-hexylthiophene) in a step-wise fashion to demonstrate the impact of polymer on the thermal conductivity of the composite system. Surprisingly, the addition of polymer results in a drastic (250%) improvement in material thermal conductivity, enhancing the graphene foam's thermal conductivity from 0.68 W/m-K to 1.72 W/m-K for the fully infiltrated composite material. Graphene foam density measurements and theoretical models are utilized to estimate the effective ribbon thermal conductivity as a function of polymer filling. Here, it is proposed that the polymer solution acts as a binding material, which draws graphene ligaments together through elastocapillary coalescence and bonds these ligaments upon drying, resulting in greatly reduced contact resistance within the foam and an effective thermal conductivity improvement greater than what would be expected from the addition of polymer alone. Published by AIP Publishing. [http://dx

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Thermal Management in Polymer Composites: A Review of Physical and Structural Parameters

et al. 2018

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Contrary to expectation, the thermal conductivity of carbon‐polymer nanocomposites has been reported to be low near the lower boundary of the rule of mixtures. Various dispersing processes have been developed to achieve uniform dispersion of the nanocarbon fillers, including an in situ polymerization process based on ring‐opening polymerizable oligoesters. However, even if the nanofiller is well dispersed, phonon scattering due to the interfacial thermal resistance at the nanofiller‐matrix interface and the contact thermal resistance at the nanofiller‐nanofiller interface is inevitable, and this is the main cause of the low thermal conductivity of the nanocomposite. When the nanofiller is incorporated in a high content, the interfacial thermal resistance can be overcome by forming a contacted three‐dimensional (3D) filler network between the fillers. Recently, thermal percolation behavior has been reported to occur in composite materials with sufficiently high carbon filler content. Also, the thermal conductivity can be synergistically improved by the simultaneous incorporation of fillers of different sizes and shapes, forming a contacted 3D filler network. It can be concluded that large fillers with high thermal conductivity are suitable for thermally conductive composites, while nanofiller is advantageous for heat‐insulating composites.

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Exceptionally high thermal and electrical conductivity of three-dimensional graphene-foam-based polymer composites

Abstract: Three dimensional graphene foam incorporated into epoxy matrix greatly enhance its thermal conductivity (up to 1.52 W mK−1) at low graphene foam loading (5.0 wt%), over an eight-fold enhancement in comparison with that of neat epoxy.

Cited by 111 publications

References 47 publications

Allotrope carbon materials in thermal interface materials and fuel cell applications: A review

Allotrope carbon materials in thermal interface materials and fuel cell applications: A review

Thermal conductivity enhancement of laser induced graphene foam upon P3HT infiltration

Thermal Management in Polymer Composites: A Review of Physical and Structural Parameters

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