Excretion of Sodium, Potassium, Chloride and Carbon Dioxide in Human Parotid Saliva

Thaysen, Jørn Hess; Thorn, Niels A.; Schwartz, Irving L.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1954.178.1.155

Cited by 329 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Although it remains unclear why no differences were seen in salivary calcium concentration during the periods of rapid bone loss, salivary calcium concentration might have been controlled by the salivary mineral resorption system in the salivary gland (21). More studies are required to investigate the influence of OVX on salivary calcium concentration before and after the operation, because it was unclear whether the estrogen deficiency would affect salivary calcium concentration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Salivary Calcium Concentration and Differences in Bone Mineral Density Level in Female Rats

Hattori

Agata

Park

et al. 2014

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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Summary It has not yet been examined whether salivary calcium levels reflect changes in bone mass. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between salivary calcium concentration and differences in bone mineral density due to estrogen deficiency and/or different calcium intake levels in female rats. In Experiment 1, the animals (n514) were divided into an ovariectomized group (OVX) (n58, 0.6% calcium diet) and a shamoperated group (Sham) (n56, 0.6% calcium diet). The bone mineral density (BMD) levels of the tibia and lumbar spine were significantly lower in the OVX group than in the Sham group (p,0.001 and p,0.01, respectively), whereas there was no significant difference in the salivary calcium concentration between the two groups. In Experiment 2, after an ovariectomy operation, the animals (n542) were randomized into five groups that received 0.01%, 0.1%, 0.6%, 1.2%, and 2.4% calcium diets (n510, 10, 6, 8, and 8, respectively). The BMD levels of the tibia and lumbar spine were significantly lower in the 0.01% or 0.1% calcium diet intake groups than in the 0.6%, 1.2%, 2.4% calcium diet intake groups (all p,0.001), whereas there were no differences in the salivary calcium concentration among the groups. In conclusion, the salivary calcium level did not change during periods of decreasing BMD and bone strength induced by estrogen deficiency and/or calcium intake restrictions in female rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Salivary Calcium Concentration and Differences in Bone Mineral Density Level in Female Rats

Hattori

Agata

Park

et al. 2014

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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“…According to the classical two-stage hypothesis (5,32), a primary fluid containing plasma-like electrolyte concentrations is generated by the acinar cells, and the fluid is subsequently modified by solute reabsorption and secretion as it passes along the ductal system, resulting in the final, hypotonic solution that enters the mouth. Therefore, the principal site of water transport is likely to be the acini with relatively little transepithelial water movement occurring in the ducts.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunolocalization of AQP-5 in rat parotid and submandibular salivary glands after stimulation or inhibition of secretion in vivo

Gresz

Kwon

Gong

et al. 2004

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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In vitro studies of cultured salivary gland cells and gland slices have indicated that there may be regulated translocation of aquaporin (AQP)-5 between the apical plasma membrane and intracellular compartments of the secretory cells. However, it remains unknown whether AQP-5 in salivary glands is subject to regulated trafficking in vivo. To examine this possibility, we have investigated the subcellular localization of AQP-5 in rat parotid and submandibular glands fixed in vivo under conditions of stimulated or inhibited salivary secretion. Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy was used to determine the subcellular distribution of AQP-5 in control conditions following the stimulation of secretion with pilocarpine (a muscarinic agonist) or epinephrine (an α-adrenoceptor agonist) or during inhibition of basal secretion with atropine (a muscarinic antagonist) or phentolamine (an α-adrenoceptor antagonist). Under control conditions, >90% of AQP-5 was associated with the apical plasma membrane of acinar and intercalated duct cells, with only rare gold particles associated with intracellular membrane domains. Pilocarpine treatment dramatically increased saliva production but had no discernible effect on AQP-5 distribution. However, the increased salivary secretion was associated with luminal dilation and the appearance of a markedly punctate AQP-5 labeling pattern due to clustering of AQP-5 at the microvilli (especially evident in the parotid gland) after 10 min of drug injection. No changes in the subcellular localization of AQP-5 were seen in response to epinephrine, atropine, or phentolamine treatment compared with control tissues. Thus AQP-5 is localized predominantly in the apical plasma membrane under control conditions, and neither the onset nor the cessation of secretion is associated in vivo with any significant short-term translocation of AQP-5 between intracellular structures and the apical plasma membrane.

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“…The amount of sodium reabsorbed by the ducts depends on the amount supplied by the acini. This is essentially the theory proposed by Thaysen, Thorn & Schwartz (1954) and widely adopted by other workers in the field. It requires implicitly that the sodium concentration in the acinar 'primary secretion' should be higher than that in the most concentrated saliva.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Some processes concerned with the secretion of sodium, bromide and chloride in saliva

Burgen¹,

Terroux²

1963

The Journal of Physiology

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Excretion of Sodium, Potassium, Chloride and Carbon Dioxide in Human Parotid Saliva

Cited by 329 publications

References 2 publications

The Relationship between Salivary Calcium Concentration and Differences in Bone Mineral Density Level in Female Rats

The Relationship between Salivary Calcium Concentration and Differences in Bone Mineral Density Level in Female Rats

Immunolocalization of AQP-5 in rat parotid and submandibular salivary glands after stimulation or inhibition of secretion in vivo

Some processes concerned with the secretion of sodium, bromide and chloride in saliva

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