Exercise and Circulating Microparticles in Healthy Subjects

Post-exercise endothelial function is not associated with extracellular vesicle release in healthy young males

“…In support of a potential association between FMD and EV, a biphasic response has been proposed for post-exercise EV release, similar to that seen with FMD (Dawson et al 2013); with an increase or decrease immediately post-exercise, followed by normalisation (Di Credico et al 2020;Wilhelm et al 2018). Furthermore, similar to FMD, exercise parameters (modality, intensity, volume) and/or individual characteristics (fitness level) have also been shown to affect exercise-induced EV release (Han et al 2021;Wilhelm et al 2018). As such, this transient increase of EVs may represent a pre-cursor mechanism resulting in decrease in endothelial function following acute exercise and partly explain the variability in responses seen between subjects and interventions.…”

“…Although exercise-induced vascular adaptions are largely mediated by hemodynamic forces (i.e. elevated anterograde shear stress) (Green et al 2017), systemic circulating factors (Padilla et al 2011), including EV release (Han et al 2021;Wilhelm et al 2018), may be involved, predominantly due to their role in intracellular communication. In line with previous studies in healthy males after low intensity exercise (Rakobowchuk et al 2017), MICE (HIGHTON et al 2019;Wilhelm et al 2016), or HIIE (Sapp et al 2019), endothelial cell-derived EVs (CD62E + ) remained unchanged.…”

“…Indeed, transient endothelial impairment following strenuous exercise may reflect underpinning mechanisms including elevated oxidative stress, inflammation and platelet aggregation (Dawson et al 2013;Tryfonos et al 2019). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the circulation have been also implicated as they increase in response to exercise stimuli (Ayers et al 2015;Han et al 2021;Wilhelm et al 2018). In support of a potential association between FMD and EV, a biphasic response has been proposed for post-exercise EV release, similar to that seen with FMD (Dawson et al 2013); with an increase or decrease immediately post-exercise, followed by normalisation (Di Credico et al 2020;Wilhelm et al 2018).…”

The Role of Microparticles in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. An Updated Review

“…There are three different enzymes: flippases, scramblases, and floppies which regulate asymmetric phosphatidylserine distribution Floppases [27] that have members of "the ATP-binding cassette transporter" (ABC transporter) family, the phosphatidylserine is transported to the outer membrane by ATP-dependent manner [28]. LMPs (leukocyte-derived microparticles) promote inflammation, change endothelial function, accelerate coagulation, promote thrombosis, and generate new blood vessels in susceptible plaques [29]. Platelet-derived MPs (PMPs) include a variety of growth and nutritional factors that promote angiogenesis and neurogenesis, as well as help to recover from brain injury [30].…”

“…They can also protect endothelial cells from apoptosis and induce angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo [31]. Erythrocyte-derived microparticles (ErMPs) are involved in cell-to-cell communication and the generation of adaptations in response to internal and external stimuli, such as exercise [29]. MPs are bioactive molecules that show a significant function in regulating vascular homeostasis and thrombus formation mechanisms [3,4].…”