Exercise, diet and stress as modulators of gut microbiota: Implications for neurodegenerative diseases

Gubert, Carolina; Kong, Geraldine; Renoir, Thibault; Hannan, Anthony J.

doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104621

Cited by 264 publications

(185 citation statements)

References 197 publications

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“…A related body of research has developed investigating the "gut-muscle axis" as it relates to age-related changes in muscle mass (i.e., sarcopenia) and physical frailty (151,(168)(169)(170)(171)(172)(173)(174) as well as its potential role in the "muscle-gutbrain" axis and neurodegenerative diseases in aging (175,176). This field of research has the potential to inform the research in the field of the gut microbiome and exercise performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Personalized Sports Nutrition

Hughes

2020

Front. Nutr.

103

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The gut microbiome is a key factor in determining inter-individual variability in response to diet. Thus, far, research in this area has focused on metabolic health outcomes such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, understanding the role of the gut microbiome in determining response to diet may also lead to improved personalization of sports nutrition for athletic performance. The gut microbiome has been shown to modify the effect of both diet and exercise, making it relevant to the athlete's pursuit of optimal performance. This area of research can benefit from recent developments in the general field of personalized nutrition and has the potential to expand our knowledge of the nexus between the gut microbiome, lifestyle, and individual physiology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Personalized Sports Nutrition

Hughes

2020

Front. Nutr.

103

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“…This slow movement may increase the contact time for interaction between the microbiota and the inulin/fructan of A. lappa, and this may enhance the effect in the evening. Stress and corticosterone are known to cause dysbiosis of the gut microbiota [54,55], and a high level of glucocorticoid in the morning but not in the evening may be involved in this response. Chlorogenic acid derived from the A. lappa causes the increase of diversity [56].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dose and Timing of Burdock (Arctium lappa) Root Intake on Intestinal Microbiota of Mice

et al. 2020

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Water-soluble dietary fiber such as inulin improves the beta diversity of the intestinal microbiota of mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD). The circadian clock is the system that regulates the internal daily rhythm, and it affects the pattern of beta diversity in mouse intestinal microbiota. Burdock (Arctium lappa) root contains a high concentration of inulin/fructan (approximately 50%) and is a very popular vegetable in Japan. Arctium lappa also contains functional substances that may affect intestinal microbiota, such as polyphenols. We compared the effects of inulin and A. lappa powder on the diversity of the intestinal microbiota of HFD-fed mice. 16S rDNA from the intestinal microbiota obtained from feces was analyzed by 16S Metagenomic Sequencing Library Preparation. It was found to have a stronger effect on microbiota than inulin alone, suggesting that inulin has an additive and/or synergic action with other molecules in A. lappa root. We examined the effects of intake timing (breakfast or dinner) of A. lappa on intestinal microbiota. The intake of A. lappa root in the evening had a stronger effect on microbiota diversity in comparison to morning intake. Therefore, it is suggested that habitual consumption of A. lappa root in the evening may aid the maintenance of healthy intestinal microbiota.

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“…These commensal bacteria not only communicate with each other but also with host gut epithelium, to maintain the gut homeostasis and improve the host immunity. The gut-residing microbes exhibit several beneficial effects on the host at healthy state, but in the disease or disruption state, it has been reported to be involved in the progression of several diseases, including neurological disorders [ 2 ]. Growing evidence suggests that the gut has strong bidirectional communication with the brain, which is vital for maintaining the brain functions and gut homeostasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut–Brain Axis: Role of Gut Microbiota on Neurological Disorders and How Probiotics/Prebiotics Beneficially Modulate Microbial and Immune Pathways to Improve Brain Functions

Suganya

Koo

2020

IJMS

197

112

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The gut microbiome acts as an integral part of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) that has the largest and vulnerable surface with desirable features to observe foods, nutrients, and environmental factors, as well as to differentiate commensals, invading pathogens, and others. It is well-known that the gut has a strong connection with the central nervous system (CNS) in the context of health and disease. A healthy gut with diverse microbes is vital for normal brain functions and emotional behaviors. In addition, the CNS controls most aspects of the GI physiology. The molecular interaction between the gut/microbiome and CNS is complex and bidirectional, ensuring the maintenance of gut homeostasis and proper digestion. Besides this, several mechanisms have been proposed, including endocrine, neuronal, toll-like receptor, and metabolites-dependent pathways. Changes in the bidirectional relationship between the GIT and CNS are linked with the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal and neurological disorders; therefore, the microbiota/gut-and-brain axis is an emerging and widely accepted concept. In this review, we summarize the recent findings supporting the role of the gut microbiota and immune system on the maintenance of brain functions and the development of neurological disorders. In addition, we highlight the recent advances in improving of neurological diseases by probiotics/prebiotics/synbiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation via the concept of the gut–brain axis.

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Exercise, diet and stress as modulators of gut microbiota: Implications for neurodegenerative diseases

Cited by 264 publications

References 197 publications

A Review of the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Personalized Sports Nutrition

A Review of the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Personalized Sports Nutrition

Effect of Dose and Timing of Burdock (Arctium lappa) Root Intake on Intestinal Microbiota of Mice

Gut–Brain Axis: Role of Gut Microbiota on Neurological Disorders and How Probiotics/Prebiotics Beneficially Modulate Microbial and Immune Pathways to Improve Brain Functions

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