Exhaled markers of oxidative stress in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Abstract

Our data suggest that H2O2 and 8-isoprostane are increased in the EBC of patients with IPF. H2O2 may be correlated with the severity of the disease in IPF.

Hydrogen peroxide fuels aging, inflammation, cancer metabolism and metastasis

“…[110][111][112] Consistent with the idea that hydrogen peroxide may also originate from the tumor stroma, patients with interstitial pulmonary fibrosis show increased levels of hydrogen peroxide in their exhaled breath. 113 Also, patients with pulmonary fibrosis show a loss of stromal Cav-1 expression, providing another mechanistic link. [114][115][116] Finally, new imaging probes have also been invented that can detect hydrogen peroxide production in pre-clinical models, such as human tumor xenografts.…”

Serum biomarkers in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

“…Indeed, the oxidant burden in the lungs of patients with pulmonary fibrosis was found to be increased [65][66] and increased levels of H 2 O 2 and 8-isoprostane were found in the exhaled breath condensate of IPF patients [67]. Furthermore, in animal models for pulmonary fibrosis defective anti-oxidant mechanisms resulted in augmented fibrosis [16].…”

Apocynin decreases hydrogen peroxide and nirtate concentrations in exhaled breath in healthy subjects

“…Both H 2 O 2 and NO are associated with oxidative stress, which is defined as an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants, and is thought to be involved in airway inflammation and respiratory diseases [47] H 2 O 2 is generated from superoxide anion by the action of superoxide dismutase in neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages and epithelial cells, and in particular, by eosinophils in asthma [48][49][50] Exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) is a marker of airway inflammation [1]. Although NO is produced in the airways by a variety of cells, large amounts may be generated from those involved in the acute and chronic inflammatory responses [51].…”