Exosomal TAR DNA-binding protein-43 and neurofilaments in plasma of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients: A longitudinal follow-up study

Chen, Po Chih; Wu, Dean; Hu, Chaur Jong; Chen, Hsin Yi; Hsieh, Yi Chen; Huang, Chun‐Chieh

doi:10.1016/j.jns.2020.117070

Cited by 41 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In clinical studies, TDP-43 levels have been reported to be much higher in exosomes derived from frozen post-mortem temporal cortices of patients with sporadic ALS, compared with controls [ 136 ] . A clinical 3- and 6-month follow up study also showed exosomal TDP-43 levels were much higher in ALS patients compared with the control group [ 137 ] . In vitro , TDP-43 is secreted via exosomes in Neuro2a cells, and inhibition of exosome secretion exacerbates the aggregation of TDP-43.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Function of exosomes in neurological disorders and brain tumors

Xiao¹,

Hareendran²,

Loh³

2021

EVCNA

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Exosomes are a subtype of extracellular vesicles released from different cell types including those in the nervous system, and are enriched in a variety of bioactive molecules such as RNAs, proteins and lipids. Numerous studies have indicated that exosomes play a critical role in many physiological and pathological activities by facilitating intercellular communication and modulating cells’ responses to external environments. Particularly in the central nervous system, exosomes have been implicated to play a role in many neurological disorders such as abnormal neuronal development, neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy, mental disorders, stroke, brain injury and brain cancer. Since exosomes recapitulate the characteristics of the parental cells and have the capacity to cross the blood-brain barrier, their cargo can serve as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and clinical assessment of disease treatment. In this review, we describe the latest findings and current knowledge of the roles exosomes play in various neurological disorders and brain cancer, as well as their application as promising biomarkers. The potential use of exosomes to deliver therapeutic molecules to treat diseases of the central nervous system is also discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Function of exosomes in neurological disorders and brain tumors

Xiao¹,

Hareendran²,

Loh³

2021

EVCNA

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“…ALS pathologic proteins were first associated with exosomes in 2007, wherein SOD1 was found to be associated with exosomes derived from neuron-like NSC-34 cells which confirmed SOD1 secretion via exosomes [70]. Since then, multiple major pathologic proteins, including SOD1, toxic dipeptide repeat proteins (DRPs) transferred from mutate C9orf72, TDP43, and FUS, have been determined to be associated with exosomes in cell lines, in rodent models, and in human tissues [71][72][73][74][75]. Moreover, the exosomal gene or proteomic expression levels are also known to be altered in ALS patients [75][76][77].…”

Section: Cns Cell-derived Exosomes In Alsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Central Nervous System Cell‐Derived Exosomes in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Tian

et al. 2021

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicles secreted by almost all kinds of mammalian cells that shuttle “cargo” from one cell to another, indicative of its role in cell-to-cell transportation. Interestingly, exosomes are known to undergo alterations or serve as a pathway in multiple diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases. In the central nervous system (CNS), exosomes originating from neurons or glia cells contribute to or inhibit the progression of CNS-related diseases in special ways. In lieu of this, the current study investigated the effect of CNS cell-derived exosomes on different neurodegenerative diseases.

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“…Several researches point to a role for exosome-carried proteins as biomarkers of ALS ( Chen P.C. et al, 2020 ; Hayashi et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Potential Role Of Neural Cell-derived Exosomes In the Pathology And Diagnosis Of Neurodegenerative Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Role of Neural Cell-Derived Exosomes in Intercellular Communication in Health and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Huo

et al. 2021

Front. Neurosci.

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Intercellular communication in the central nervous system (CNS) is essential for brain growth, development, and homeostasis maintenance and, when dysfunctional, is involved in the occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases. Increasing evidence indicates that extracellular vesicles, especially exosomes, are critical mediators of intercellular signal transduction. Under physiological and pathological conditions, neural cells secret exosomes with the influence of many factors. These exosomes can carry specific proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and other bioactive substances to the recipient cells to regulate their function. Depending on the CNS environment, as well as the origin and physiological or pathological status of parental cells, exosomes can mediate a variety of different effects, including synaptic plasticity, nutritional metabolic support, nerve regeneration, inflammatory response, anti-stress effect, cellular waste disposal, and the propagation of toxic components, playing an important role in health and neurodegenerative diseases. This review will discuss the possible roles of exosomes in CNS intercellular communication in both physiologic and neurodegenerative conditions.

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Exosomal TAR DNA-binding protein-43 and neurofilaments in plasma of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients: A longitudinal follow-up study

Cited by 41 publications

References 30 publications

Function of exosomes in neurological disorders and brain tumors

Function of exosomes in neurological disorders and brain tumors

Central Nervous System Cell‐Derived Exosomes in Neurodegenerative Diseases

The Emerging Role of Neural Cell-Derived Exosomes in Intercellular Communication in Health and Neurodegenerative Diseases

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