Experiements with an inactivated hepatitis leptospirosis vaccine in vaccination programmes for dogs

Wilson, J. H. G.; Hermann-Dekkers, WM; Leemans-Dessy, S; Meijer, JW

doi:10.1136/vr.100.26.552

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Other aluminium‐adsorbed vaccines against, for example, anthrax, are available for special risk groups. In veterinary medicine aluminium adjuvants have been used in a large number of vaccine formulations against viral 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 and bacterial 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 diseases, and in attempts to make antiparasite vaccines 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 (Table 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminium compounds for use in vaccines

Lindblad¹

2004

Immunol Cell Biol

437

318

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Summary Aluminium adjuvants are the most widely used adjuvants in both human and veterinary vaccines. These adjuvants have been used in practical vaccination for more than 60 years and are generally recognized as safe and as stimulators of Th2 immunity. The present review gives a short introduction to the pioneering research at the start of the use of aluminium compounds as adjuvants, including references on the chemistry of these compounds. Analytical methods for identifying the most commonly used aluminium compounds, such as boehmite and aluminium hydroxyphosphate, are mentioned. Emphasis is placed on the important factors for antigen adsorption and on the latest work using gene-deficient mice in the research of the mechanism of aluminium adjuvants in terms of cytokine and T-cell subset stimulation. Key references on the ability of aluminium adjuvants to stimulate IgE and also in vivo clearing of aluminium adjuvants are discussed. Furthermore, the review addresses the issue of local reactions in the context of injection route and local tissue disturbance. Possible new applications of aluminium adjuvants in, for example, combined aluminium-adsorbed protein and DNA oligonucleotide vaccines as well as the possible use of aluminium adjuvants in combination with IL-12 to stimulate Th1-type immune responses are mentioned.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminium compounds for use in vaccines

Lindblad¹

2004

Immunol Cell Biol

437

318

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“…According to Pollock (13) pups fail to respond to vaccination for several weeks after maternal antibody is no longer detected by his standard HI test. The phenomenon that appropriate killed adjuvant vaccines are able to induce an active immunity in animals with low maternal antibodies has been demonstrated for canine hepatitis (17) and recently also for ovine adenovirus (12). Table 2 al proof for this active immunity is the booster effect of the second vaccination which is recommended at the age of 12 weeks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The serum antibody titres against hepatitis were determined by a SN-test, described previously (17).…”

Section: Serologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiments with a homologous, inactivated canine parvovirus vaccine in vaccination programmes for dogs

Wilson

Hermann-Dekkers

1982

Veterinary Quarterly

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The significance of canine parvovirus (CPV) infections as a permanent threat susceptible dogs, in particular pups, made the authors develop three liquid homologous inactivated adjuvant CPV vaccines that were compatible with existing canine vaccines and could be incorporated in current vaccination programmes. On vaccine (Kavak Parvo) contained only the CPV component, the second product (Kavak i-LP) also contained two inactivated leptospiral antigens, and the third vaccine (Kavak i-HLP) contained in addition an inactivated canine hepatitis virus. This paper reports on the studies conducted to test the safety and efficacy of the three products. They were used as such and as diluents for freeze dried vaccines containing live attenuated measles, distemper, and hepatitis viruses. The study was performed in a breeding kennel where all dogs were free from CPV antibodies and the nonvaccinated sentinels remained so for the course of the study. All vaccines proved to be safe in dogs of all ages, including pregnant bitches. The efficacy of the CPV component was studied both by monitoring antibody titres for more than a year and by challenge exposure of some dogs to virulent CPV. The results obtained from these studies prove that the CPV component used in the three vaccines can be incorporated as indicated in the recommended canine vaccination programmes. The observations that the inactivated CPV and hepatitis components do induce an active immunity in pups that are still protected by low levels of maternally derived antibodies against these viruses, make those vaccines very suitable in breeding kennels. Additional studies on a comparative basis are being continued in edemically CPV infected breeding kennels to quantify the significance of these observations in these special conditions.

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“…A list of FDA-licensed human vaccines containing ABA is reported in Table 2. ABA are widely employed also in veterinary vaccines [36,37] against bacterial [38,39], viral [40,41], and parasite infections [31,42]. Despite the long history of use, light has still to be cast on the mechanisms behind the immunostimulating properties of ABA [30].…”

Section: Aluminum Saltsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress towards Adjuvant Development: Focus on Antiviral Therapy

Brai

Poggialini

Pasqualini

et al. 2023

IJMS

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In recent decades, vaccines have been extraordinary resources to prevent pathogen diffusion and cancer. Even if they can be formed by a single antigen, the addition of one or more adjuvants represents the key to enhance the response of the immune signal to the antigen, thus accelerating and increasing the duration and the potency of the protective effect. Their use is of particular importance for vulnerable populations, such as the elderly or immunocompromised people. Despite their importance, only in the last forty years has the search for novel adjuvants increased, with the discovery of novel classes of immune potentiators and immunomodulators. Due to the complexity of the cascades involved in immune signal activation, their mechanism of action remains poorly understood, even if significant discovery has been recently made thanks to recombinant technology and metabolomics. This review focuses on the classes of adjuvants under research, recent mechanism of action studies, as well as nanodelivery systems and novel classes of adjuvants that can be chemically manipulated to create novel small molecule adjuvants.

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Experiements with an inactivated hepatitis leptospirosis vaccine in vaccination programmes for dogs

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Aluminium compounds for use in vaccines

Aluminium compounds for use in vaccines

Experiments with a homologous, inactivated canine parvovirus vaccine in vaccination programmes for dogs

Progress towards Adjuvant Development: Focus on Antiviral Therapy

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