Experimental and theoretical investigation of chloride ingress into concrete exposed to real marine environment

Deep learning-based prediction for time-dependent chloride penetration in concrete exposed to coastal environment

“…Chloride corrosion is one of the key factors affecting the concrete durability in coastal and even inland saline-alkali areas [ 1 , 2 ]. Corrosion of reinforcement induces cracking of concrete cover, which in turn further accelerates the rebar corrosion and ultimately affects the durability, applicability, and safety of the concrete structure.…”

A reappraisal of the ink-bottle effect and pore structure of cementitious materials using intrusion-extrusion cyclic mercury porosimetry

“…Nowadays it is rare for concrete structures to fail due to lack of intrinsic strength. Intensive emphasis has been placed on their expected lives due to gradual degradation caused by lack of durability [1][2][3][4][5]. Penetration of corrosive ions or gases from environment into the pore structure is often recognized as a major reason leading to concrete degradation.…”

“…Cement powders, together with mineral admixtures in many situations, react with water and a sizeable number of pores spanning several orders of magnitude are formed with various origins. Many technologies and methods have been developed for cementitious pore structure measurements, such as nitrogen sorption [6], mercury intrusion porosimetry [7], scanning electron microscope [8], wood's metal intrusion porosimetry [9], X-ray computed tomography [10], 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry [11], optical microscopic observation [12], etc. 3D reconstruction with a spatial resolution as high as 30 nm has been reported [13].…”

Transfer Parameter Analysis of Chloride Ingress into Concrete Based on Long-Term Exposure Tests in China’s Coastal Region

“…Extensive research has been carried out on the natural diffusion coefficients [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. In this research, concrete specimens were exposed at marine locations, and chloride concentration profiles in the natural environment were measured on specimens exposed for specific periods [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Through exposure, tests continued for a long time, and the influences of fly ash, silica fume, and the water binder ratio on chloride diffusion in concrete were analyzed, as well as factors such as temperature and salinity [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”