Experimental Hyperglycæmia by Injection of Intermediary Fat Metabolism Products in Rabbits

Nath, M. C.; Brahmachari, H. D.

doi:10.1038/154487a0

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…glycemia with decreased insulin in the blood and pancreas by day 70. These authors suggested that ketone bodies first stimulate insulin secretion with gradual exhaustion of islet cells supervening (29)(30)(31)(32)(33). Tidwell and Axelrod (34) also suggested that acetoacetate stimulates insulin release in the rat.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Infused Ketone Bodies on Glucose Utilization in the Dog*

Felts¹,

Crofford²,

Park³

1964

J. Clin. Invest.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Infused Ketone Bodies on Glucose Utilization in the Dog*

Felts¹,

Crofford²,

Park³

1964

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…(143 ) depressed carbohydrate metabolism in men as judged from the blood sugar curves after glucose inj ection. Repeated injections of acetoacetate, �-hydroxybutyrate and pyruvate caused hyperglycemia in rabbits (144). Sokal (145) found that some liver extract prepara tions which are used therapeutically in the treatment of pernicious anemia contained a substance which caused hyperglycemia and glyco suria in men and rats.…”

Section: Experiments On Intact Animals and Changes In Blood Constituentsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Cori

1946

Annu. Rev. Biochem.

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A complete survey of papers published in 1945 was made difficult by the inaccessibility of many European journals. With few excep tions, a review. of the carbohydrate metabolism of microorganisms could not be included because of the limitation of space.The increasing importance of isotopes as a tool in biochemistry is reflected in the rapid advances which have been made in inter mediary carbohydrate metabolism with this technique. Isotopes have also been used to great advantage in demonstrating reversibility of enzymatic reactions, particularly those involving carbon. dioxide fixa tion or phosphate transfer. The common metabolic pool for carbon fragments derived from the three principal foodstuffs and their com mon oxidative pathway has made it impossible to discuss the inter mediary metabolism of carbohydrates without some reference to that • of the other foodstuffs.The gap which often exists between results obtained in experi ments on the whole animal and on isolated enzyme systems is being bridged to some extent. Here again the use of isotopes plays a lead ing role, but a unified picture will not emerge until the mechanism of the regulatory effect of hormones on enzyme systems is more clearly understood.The usual abbreviations have been used: ATP and ADP for adenosinetriphosphate and adenosinediphosphate ; TPN and DPN for tri-and diphosphopyridine nucleotide; and P for phosphate.

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“…Only scant attention, however, has been paid to the effects that hyperketonemia, in turn, might have on carbohydrate and fat metabolism. The conflicting results from such studies (13)(14)(15)(16)(17) have been reviewed recently (18). Studies in this laboratory, designed to define the effects of induced hyperketonemia on carbohydrate and fat metabolism (18,19), showed that iv infusions of ,8-hydroxybutyric acid, acetoacetic acid, or their sodium salts produced the following immediate changes in glucose and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) metabolism: 1) blood glucose concentration fell promptly, at times to distinctly hypoglycemic levels, 2) hepatic glucose output decreased sharply to less than 50% of control values, a reduction accounting entirely for the decrease in arterial glucose concentration, and 3) these changes in glucose metabolism were accompanied simultaneously by a greater than 50% fall in arterial plasma NEFA concentration.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hypoglycemic Action of Ketones. II. Evidence for a Stimulatory Feedback of Ketones on the Pancreatic Beta Cells *

Madison¹,

Mebane²,

Unger³

et al. 1964

J. Clin. Invest.

225

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The effects of alterations in carbohydrate metabolism induced by starvation and insulin deprivation on hepatic ketone production and peripheral ketone utilization have been the subject of intensive investigation (1-12). Only scant attention, however, has been paid to the effects that hyperketonemia, in turn, might have on carbohydrate and fat metabolism. The conflicting results from such studies (13-17) have been reviewed recently (18). Studies in this laboratory, designed to define the effects of induced hyperketonemia on carbohydrate and fat metabolism (18,19), showed that iv infusions of ,8-hydroxybutyric acid, acetoacetic acid, or their sodium salts produced the following immediate changes in glucose and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) metabolism: 1) blood glucose concentration fell promptly, at times to distinctly hypoglycemic levels, 2) hepatic glucose output decreased sharply to less than 50% of control values, a reduction accounting entirely for the decrease in arterial glucose concentration, and 3) these changes in glucose metabolism were accompanied simultaneously by a greater than 50% fall in arterial plasma NEFA concentration. The qualitative similarity between ketone infusion and the slow iv administration of insulin (20) only on blood glucose concentration and hepatic glucose output but also on plasma NEFA concentration suggested the possibility that ketones produce these effects via stimulation of endogenous insulin secretion.The present studies were designed specifically to determine whether ketone bodies stimulate the pancreatic 8-cells, directly or indirectly, to secrete increased amounts of insulin. Two types of studies were performed: in the first group, the effects of hyperketonemia produced by infusions of 8-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate on blood glucose concentrations were compared in depancreatized dogs and in dogs with alloxan diabetes; in the second group of studies, the changes in pancreatic venous insulin concentrations were determined by immunoassay during infusions of ketones either into a femoral vein or into a branch of the pancreatic artery. MethodsIn the studies designed to compare the effects of ,3-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate on the arterial glucose concentration of totally diabetic depancreatized and partially diabetic alloxanized dogs, experiments were performed at least 2 weeks after alloxanization (21)

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Experimental Hyperglycæmia by Injection of Intermediary Fat Metabolism Products in Rabbits

Cited by 21 publications

References 4 publications

Effect of Infused Ketone Bodies on Glucose Utilization in the Dog*

Effect of Infused Ketone Bodies on Glucose Utilization in the Dog*

Carbohydrate Metabolism

The Hypoglycemic Action of Ketones. II. Evidence for a Stimulatory Feedback of Ketones on the Pancreatic Beta Cells *

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