Experimental investigation into hydraulic fracture geometry and proppant migration characteristics for southeastern Sichuan deep shale reservoirs

Tan, Ping; Pang, Huiwen; Zhang, Ruxin; Jin, Yan; Zhou, Yingcao; Kao, Jiawei; Meng, Fan

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2019.106517

Cited by 140 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The longer the crack is, the larger the inflow from the formation to the fracture is. But at the same time, the crack becomes narrower, and the cross-sectional area decreases, and for some values of its conductivity, the crack begins to play the role of a chimney [31]. As a result, the pressure drop in the crack increases.…”

Section: Figure 1 Well 609 Location Planmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Influence of Pressures and Proppant Mass on the Well Parameters after Hydraulic Fracturing

Поплыгин

Pavlovskaia

2021

IJE

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This paper considers the implementation of hydraulic fracturing in an oil field located in the Arkhangelsk region in Russia. During the exploitation, the production rates and injectivity of the injection wells in the field were intensively decreased. To increase well flow rates, hydraulic fracturing of the formation was carried out, and the evaluation of the efficiency was performed. Oil production rates after the fracturing increased 3.2 times and the productivity index increased twice. The influence of the geometrical sizes of fractures on the volume of injected proppant was investigated. An increase in the mass of the injected proppant from 2 to 3 tons per 1 meter of formation thickness leads to an average increase in the crack width by 0.5 mm, and the half-length by 40 m. Well work parameters after hydraulic fracturing of a reservoir were obtained as a function of the original parameters of the reservoir. It was observed that there is a sharp decrease in well production rates after fracturing in wells with low bottom hole pressures. When the pressure at the bottom of the well decreases from 60 to 20 MPa, it leads to an average decrease in the crack width by 2 mm, and the half-length of the crack by 50 m. Direct correlation between the well productivity coefficients after fracturing and the values of bottom hole pressures was observed. The optimal conditions for fracturing were identified, which made it possible to significantly increase the efficiency of the operation.

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Section: Figure 1 Well 609 Location Planmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Influence of Pressures and Proppant Mass on the Well Parameters after Hydraulic Fracturing

Поплыгин

Pavlovskaia

2021

IJE

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“…Heterogeneities related to topology and geometry were discussed and it was observed that structured fracture networks have less dispersion than disordered networks, and the corresponding production performance can also be affected (Hyman and Jimenez-Martinez 2018;Zhi et al, 2021). The layered formation is deemed as a typical mechanical heterogeneity that leads to complex fracture propagation behaviors (Yue et al, 2019;Tan et al, 2020;Tan et al, 2021). For mechanical heterogeneities characterized by stratified formations, fracture tip locations, modulus values, and each layer's height percentage are the key parameters affecting hydraulic fracture paths and geometries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Characteristics of Highly Heterogeneous Rock Mechanical Responses in Tight Sandy Conglomerate Reservoir Rock Under Tri-axial Compression

Bin¹,

Ji²,

Lin³

et al. 2021

Front. Earth Sci.

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Due to the use of horizontal wells and hydraulic fracturing, commercial tight oil production from some tight sandy conglomerate reservoirs has been achieved. Since the widely distributed gravels in the sandy matrix in conglomerate reservoir rocks are harder than the matrix, the rock mechanical response in conglomerates under compression is highly heterogeneous. This increases the complexity of understanding the hydraulic fracturing behaviors in conglomerate reservoirs. Previous tri-axial compression tests provided the stress-strain relationships of conglomerate samples as a whole, and the stress and strain in the gravels and in the sandy matrix were not investigated due to the limitation of the compression test lab. This study presents tri-axial test results for a conglomerate sample cored from a reservoir that has been economically developed. Lab results are then used to calibrate the numerical model for the simulation of the tri-axial compression process. Numerical results indicate that the elastic modulus and size of gravels have significant impacts on the axial stresses and axial strains in the conglomerate. Stress concentrations are observed in gravels due to the heterogeneous mechanical properties in the conglomerate. The reorientation of the maximum horizontal principal stress is quantified to study the mechanisms of the interaction types between hydraulic fractures and gravels embedded in the tight sandy matrix.

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“…Due to the influence of tectonic movement and sedimentary environment, a large number of weak geological planes exist in unconventional reservoirs such as natural fractures, bedding planes, and faults [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. When hydraulic fractures encounter natural fractures, a variety of complex propagation behaviors can occur, such as crossing, offsetting, and being arrested [8][9][10][11][12]. These complex interactions lead to the formation of complex fractures and even fracture networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Investigation on Propagation Behaviors of a Three-Dimensional Fracture Network Coupled with Microseismicity in Fractured Shale Reservoirs

Wu¹,

Huang²,

Xu³

et al. 2021

Energies

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The formation mechanism and propagation behaviors of a three-dimensional hydraulic fracture network in fractured shale reservoirs remain unclear, especially when the scale of hydraulic fractures is much larger than that of natural fractures. In this study, taking the well XH in the Longmaxi shale reservoir in the Sichuan Basin, China as an example, we develop a fully three-dimensional numerical model for hydraulic fracturing coupled with microseismicity based on the discrete lattice method. We introduce a randomly generated discrete fracture network into the proposed model and explore the formation mechanism of the hydraulic fracture network under the condition that the hydraulic fractures are much larger than natural fractures in scale. Moreover, microseismic events are inversely synthesized in the numerical model, which allows the evolution of the fracture network to be monitored and evaluated quantitatively. In addition, we analyze the effects of injection rate, horizontal stress difference, and fluid viscosity on fracture propagation. Our results show that when the scale of hydraulic fractures is much larger than that of natural fractures, the fracture morphology of “main hydraulic fractures + complex secondary fractures” is mainly formed. We find that a high injection rate can not only create a complex fracture network, but also improve the uniform propagation of multi-cluster fractures and enhance far-field stimulation efficiency. Optimizing the horizontal wellbore intervals with low horizontal stress differences as the sweet spots of hydraulic fracturing is also beneficial to improve the stimulation efficiency. For zones with a large number of natural fractures, it is recommended to use an injection schedule with high viscosity fluid early and low viscosity fluid late to allow the hydraulic fractures to propagate to the far-field to maximize the stimulation effect.

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Experimental investigation into hydraulic fracture geometry and proppant migration characteristics for southeastern Sichuan deep shale reservoirs

Cited by 140 publications

References 41 publications

Investigation of the Influence of Pressures and Proppant Mass on the Well Parameters after Hydraulic Fracturing

Investigation of the Influence of Pressures and Proppant Mass on the Well Parameters after Hydraulic Fracturing

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Characteristics of Highly Heterogeneous Rock Mechanical Responses in Tight Sandy Conglomerate Reservoir Rock Under Tri-axial Compression

Numerical Investigation on Propagation Behaviors of a Three-Dimensional Fracture Network Coupled with Microseismicity in Fractured Shale Reservoirs

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