Experimental Measures of Affine and Nonaffine Deformation in Granular Shear

Utter, Brian; Behringer, Robert

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.100.208302

Cited by 74 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This large departure from affi ne deformation is analogous to that in granular materials. [19][20] The microcellular elastic substrates are used to produce highly stretchable thin metal fi lm conductors. …”

Section: Localization Of Folds and Cracks In Thin Metal Films Coated mentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of Folds and Cracks in Thin Metal Films Coated on Flexible Elastomer Foams

et al. 2013

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Section: Localization Of Folds and Cracks In Thin Metal Films Coated mentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of Folds and Cracks in Thin Metal Films Coated on Flexible Elastomer Foams

et al. 2013

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“…In contrast, it is much more difficult to identify the relevant defects that control the mechanical response in amorphous materials 1 . Disordered materials span a wide range of length scales from atomic systems, such as metallic glasses 2 and ceramics 3 , to colloidal suspensions 4,5 , and macroscopic particulate materials, such as foams [6][7][8][9] , emulsions 10 , and granular matter [11][12][13][14] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable small bubble clusters in two-dimensional foams

et al. 2017

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Key features of the mechanical response of amorphous particulate materials, such as foams, emulsions, and granular media, to applied stress are determined by the frequency and size of particle rearrangements that occur as the system transitions from one mechanically stable state to another. This work describes coordinated experimental and computational studies of bubble rafts, which are quasi-two dimensional systems of bubbles confined to the air-water interface. We focus on small mechanically stable clusters of four, five, six, and seven bubbles with two different sizes with diameter ratio σ L /σ S ≃ 1.4. Focusing on small bubble clusters, which can be viewed as subsystems of a larger system, allows us to investigate the full ensemble of clusters that form, measure the respective frequencies with which the clusters occur, and determine the form of the bubble-bubble interactions. We emphasize several important results. First, for clusters with N > 5 bubbles, we find using discrete element simulations that short-range attractive interactions between bubbles give rise to a larger ensemble of distinct mechanically stable clusters compared to that generated by long-range attractive interactions. The additional clusters in systems with short-range attractions possess larger gaps between pairs of neighboring bubbles on the periphery of the clusters. The ensemble of bubble clusters observed in experiments is similar to the ensemble of clusters with long-range attractive interactions. We also compare the frequency with which each cluster occurs in simulations and experiments. We find that the cluster frequencies are extremely sensitive to the protocol used to generate them and only weakly correlated to the energy of the clusters.

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“…While for three dimensions, granular stress-birefringence has so far remained largely on the qualitative level, in two dimensions, granular stress-birefringence (also called photoelasticity) has been utilized in a large variety of instances and analyzed in great detail: In sheared systems the transition between loose and load-carrying packings was established [17]; a qualitative difference in force response to external loads was found for ordered and disordered packings [18]; logarithmic aging of stress was discovered for packings but not observed under compression [19]; the relation between force chains and friction in stick-slip motion was elaborated [20]; for granular sound, the propagation along force chains was demonstrated [21]; for jamming under isotropic compression, non-trivial power-laws were confirmed [22,23,24] and distinguished from jamming behavior under shear [25,26,27,28].…”

Section: Stress Birefringence In Three Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring three-dimensional packings in microgravity

Frank-Richter

Börngen

et al. 2014

Granular Matter

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We present results from experiments with granular packings in three dimensions in microgravity as realized on parabolic flights. Two different techniques are employed to monitor the inside of the packings during compaction: (1) X-ray radiography is used to measure in transmission the integrated fluctuations of particle positions. (2) Stress-birefringence in three dimensions is applied to visualize the stresses inside the packing. The particle motions below the transition into an arrested packing are found to produce a well agitated state. At the transition, the particles lose their energy quite rapidly and form a stress network. With both methods, non-arrested particles (rattlers) can be identified. In particular, it is found that rattlers inside the arrested packing can be excited to appreciable dynamics by the restaccelerations (g-jitter) during a parabolic flight without destroying the packings. At low rates of compaction, a regime of slow granular cooling is identified. The slow cooling extends over several seconds, is described well by a linear law, and terminates in a rapid final collapse of dynamics before complete arrest of the packing.

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Experimental Measures of Affine and Nonaffine Deformation in Granular Shear

Cited by 74 publications

References 15 publications

Localization of Folds and Cracks in Thin Metal Films Coated on Flexible Elastomer Foams

Localization of Folds and Cracks in Thin Metal Films Coated on Flexible Elastomer Foams

Stable small bubble clusters in two-dimensional foams

Monitoring three-dimensional packings in microgravity

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