Experimental Osteoarthritis of the Knee in Rabbits induced by Alteration of the Load-Bearing

Reimann, Inge

doi:10.3109/17453677308989085

Cited by 55 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Load is an etiologic factor in spontaneous OA, and valgus angular osteotomy of rabbit tibia has been shown to induce OA-like changes in the articular cartilage of the lateral tibial condyle (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of morphologic and biochemical changes in the natural history of spontaneous osteoarthrosis in guinea pigs

Wei

Svensson

Hjerpe

1997

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Objective. To study how the concentrations of proteoglycans (PGs) and collagen change in various parts of tibia1 articular cartilage during aging, and to evaluate the development of spontaneous osteoarthrosis (OA) in guinea pigs.Methods. PGs were extracted from guinea pig cartilage samples using 4M guanidine hydrochloride, and the amount of hydroxyproline was determined in the extraction remainder. The molecular size and aggregation of PGs were analyzed by electrophoresis, and the glycosaminoglycan composition was assessed by highperformance liquid chromatography.Results. The PG concentration was proportional to the load distribution. However, when OA became histologically manifest, the PG concentration decreased by 50% (from a mean of 44 pg to 22 pg per mg fresh tissue) and the collagen level decreased by 40% (from a mean of 17 pg to 10 pg per mg fresh tissue), while the proportion of water increased by 13% (from a mean of 710 mg to 800 mg per mg fresh tissue).Conclusion. Unmineralized cartilage can, within physiologic load limits, respond to increased mechanical demands by increasing the PG and collagen concentrations. Beyond a certain limit, however, the cartilage can no longer compensate for further increases in

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of morphologic and biochemical changes in the natural history of spontaneous osteoarthrosis in guinea pigs

Wei

Svensson

Hjerpe

1997

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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“…In the young adult, pathological phenomena such as meniscal injury or menisectomy, osteochondral injury, and ligamentous insufficiency can predispose an individual to develop arthritis [6]. Knee malalignment, whether induced by injury or underlying anatomical variability, has been shown to place abnormal stresses on the articular cartilage of an affected compartment and promote the development of these changes [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High tibial osteotomies in the young active patient

Wolcott

Traub

Efird

2010

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

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Unicompartmental changes in the knee of a young athlete remains a difficult and controversial problem in orthopaedics. Excessive premature loading of articular cartilage, most often the result of a knee injury, has been shown to result in increased degenerative changes and pain in the younger patient. Instability may also contribute to the degeneration of cartilage and must therefore be considered in the treatment of osteoarthritis in the young adult. High tibial osteotomy has been described as a treatment option for malalignment in the older, less active adult and has shown promising results in a younger, more active population. Osteotomies for instability are more controversial and should be considered in more complex injury patterns.

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“…Abnormal joint loading induced by the deformity may result in early osteoarthritis. This has been demonstrated in animal models 1 and in retrospective clinical studies. 2 Both the angle and the level of the malunion are important.…”

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confidence: 94%

Malunion in the lower limb

Wade

New

Tselentakis

et al. 1999

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume

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Nomograms derived from mathematical analysis indicate that the level of malunion is the most important determinant of changes in the moment arm of the knee, the plane of the ankle and alterations in limb length. Testing in five patients undergoing reconstruction showed a mean error of postoperative limb length of 2.2 mm (SD 0.8 mm), knee moment arm of 4.7 mm (SD 3.3 mm) and ankle angle of 2.6° (SD 2.3°). These nomograms provide the information required when assessing whether a particular degree of angulation may be accepted. Patients and MethodsMathematical analysis. We used a Cartesian co-ordinate system to represent the lower limb. The nomograms were derived from this analysis. 12Patients. We studied five patients undergoing correction of malalignment (Table I). All had full-length anteroposterior radiographs to assess the mechanical axis and the degree of deformity in the coronal plane, and lateral radiographs to assess deformity in the sagittal plane. CT scanograms allowed for more accurate assessment of the length of the unaffected limb. Nomograms generated using the calculations above were used in preoperative planning to determine the predicted changes in length, knee moment and ankle axis. After correction the actual changes achieved were measured, taking into account errors due to magnification on the plain radiographs, the additional changes in length after osteotomy and any callotasis following correction of angulation. The accuracy of the system was assessed by comparing the predicted and actual changes for all three measurements in both planes. Figure 1 shows the steps involved in preoperative planning and postoperative measurement. A radiograph of the whole limb allows the length to be measured and the level of the deformity calculated as a percentage of the distance from the centre of the femoral head to the ankle mortice. The deformity in both planes is measured on the radio-

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Experimental Osteoarthritis of the Knee in Rabbits induced by Alteration of the Load-Bearing

Cited by 55 publications

References 8 publications

Correlation of morphologic and biochemical changes in the natural history of spontaneous osteoarthrosis in guinea pigs

Correlation of morphologic and biochemical changes in the natural history of spontaneous osteoarthrosis in guinea pigs

High tibial osteotomies in the young active patient

Malunion in the lower limb

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