Experimental Stress Analysis

Dally, J. W.; Riley, W. F.; Kobayashi, A. S.

doi:10.1115/1.3424473

Cited by 386 publications

(100 citation statements)

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“…At the border of the circular region, the overall boundary conditions (unidirectional tension or compression) are applied as derived in pp. 76-81 of Dally and Riley (1978): where all the variables are defined under Equation F.5. The size of the annulus is chosen to make the solid fraction (annulus areahotal area) the same as the solid fraction of the "Swiss cheese" as a whole.…”

Section: A Two-dimensional Model Of Stress In a Bubbly Sludgementioning

confidence: 99%

Gas bubble retention and its effect on waste properties: Retention mechanisms, viscosity, and tensile and shear strengths

Gauglitz¹,

Rassat²,

Powell³

1995

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DISCLAIMERPortions of this document may be illegible in electronic image products. Images are produced from the best available original document. Executive SummarySeveral of the underground nuclear storage tanks at Hanford have been placed on a flammable gas watch list, because the waste is either known or suspected to generate, store, and episodically release flammable gases. Because retention and episodic release of flammable gases from these tanks containing radioactive waste slurries are critical safety concerns, Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL)(a) is studying physical mechanisms and waste properties that contribute to the episodic gas release from these storage tanks. This study is being conducted for Westinghouse Hanford Company as part of the PNL Flammable Gas project. Previous investigations have concluded that gas bubbles are retained by the slurry or sludge that has settled at the bottom of the tanks; however, the mechanisms responsible for the retention of these bubbles are not well understood.Understanding the rheological behavior of the waste, particularly of the settled sludge, is critical to characterizing the tendency of the waste to retain gas bubbles and the dynamics of how these bubbles are released from the waste. The presence of gas bubbles is expected to affect the rheology of the sludge, specifically its viscosity and tensile and shear strengths, but essentially no literature data are available to assess the effect of bubbles.The objectives of this study were to conduct experiments and develop theories to understand better how bubbles are retained by slurries and sludges, to measure the effect of gas bubbles on the viscosity of simulated slurries, and to measure the effect of gas bubbles on the tensile and shear strengths of simulated slurries and sludges. In addition to accomplishing these objectives, this study developed correlations, based on the new experimental data, that can be wed in large-scale computations of waste tank physical phenomena.For bubble retention experiments, a new method of creating retained bubbles was developed. Results show that dissolving soluble gases into the interstitial liquid followed by pressure reduction provides a suitable method of creating bubbles for measuring bubble retention in waste. An equilibrium CO, pressure of 2.4 x l(r Pa (20 psig) is sufficient to create good bubble nucleation and growth with slurries composed of water and glass beads. A pressure reduction rate of 6900 Palmin (1 psi/min) provided a controllable experiment.Experiments were completed to further quantify the transition between bubbles that grow by fingering between sludge particles, called dendritic bubbles, and bubbles that grow by displacing the sludge particles, which are referred to as round bubbles. Previously, a Bond number criterion, which is a ratio of gravitational to surface tension forces, was developed to define the transition between the two different mechanisms of bubble growth and retention. In the experiments conducted, the particle size and fluid and particle d...

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Section: A Two-dimensional Model Of Stress In a Bubbly Sludgementioning

confidence: 99%

Gas bubble retention and its effect on waste properties: Retention mechanisms, viscosity, and tensile and shear strengths

Gauglitz¹,

Rassat²,

Powell³

1995

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“…Both of these transducers after all, are based on strain gauge technology and a typical rise time for a bonded gauge mounted on steel is about 0.7 ps including the transit time for typical carrier and adhesive combinations and the time required for the conductor to respond (Dally and Riley, 1978). The transit time for a compression wave to travel through the 250 mm ice specimen is 0.8 ps assuming a wave velocity in ice of 3000 m/s (Ewing et al, 1934) for the load cell situated at the opposite end of the actuator.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of foil strain gauges in ice over a wide loading rate

Sinha¹

1989

Cold Regions Science and Technology

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/npsi/ctrl?lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?lang=fr Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. Science and Technology, 16, 2, pp. 145-58, 1989-02 Use of foil strain gauges in ice over a wide loading rate Sinha, N. K. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 16 ( 1989) Cold Regions

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“…This mechanical separation of the components is usually accomplished by weakening the instruments's structure along certain paths.l' 2 These weakened locations not only provide some separation of the various components, but due to their higher strain make ideal places to mount electrical strain gages. 3 Unfortunately this methodology has several disadvantages. Increasing the strain in the instrument decreases the overall stiffness and typically precludes its use as a primary or critical load-bearing structure.…”

Section: Peter D Washabaugh Is Assistant Professor Of Aerospace Engimentioning

confidence: 99%

A precision six-load-component transducer: A design incorporating finite-length measurement paths

Washabaugh

1993

Experimental Mechanics

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ABSTRACT--The design of an instrument is described that measures three resultant force components and three resultant moment components acting on a surface. Within the framework of linear elastostatics of an isotropic homogeneous material the device separates to a given precision the six resultant load components. Sensor paths of finite length are employed. Moreover if fiber-optic differential displacement sensors are used rather than traditional electrical resistance strain gages, the range and sensitivity of the instrument can in principle be improved without sacrificing the device stiffness. The primary reason for these improvements is that a complete solution to the equations of elasticity allows certain displacements to be measured over large distances and be combined to yield all of the resultant load components. These displacement measurements over a long distance accommodates the use of fiber-optic interferometric sensors, The use of optical sensors in contrast with electrical-resistance gages, has the potential to allow the measurement precision and range to scale with the geometry of the device rather than the maximum strain in the instrument. It becomes possible by virtue of these features to produce a better instrument.

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Experimental Stress Analysis

Cited by 386 publications

References 0 publications

Gas bubble retention and its effect on waste properties: Retention mechanisms, viscosity, and tensile and shear strengths

Gas bubble retention and its effect on waste properties: Retention mechanisms, viscosity, and tensile and shear strengths

Use of foil strain gauges in ice over a wide loading rate

A precision six-load-component transducer: A design incorporating finite-length measurement paths

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