Experimental Study on Fire Sources for Full-Scale Fire Testing of Simple Sprinkler Systems Installed in Multiplexes

Park, Jeong-Hwa; Kwark, Ji-Hyun

doi:10.3390/fire4010008

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In this scenario, data with a domain of 24 m x 14 m x 11 m were used for mesh modeling, and it consisted of a Total HRR (Q) of 559 kW for Polyurethane Foam material, measured using a cone calorimeter that met the ISO 5560 standards [13]. The air density (p∞) at normal temperature and not exceeding 50 km above the surface was 1,293 kg/m³ [14], and gravity (g) was 9.81 m/s².…”

Section: ………………………………………………………………(1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Fire and Smoke Spread in Ki Hajar Dewantara Auditorium, State University of Jakarta, Using Fire Dynamics Simulator

Arrizq,

Setyadi

2023

JMEST

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fire behavior and smoke spread are influenced by various factors, including the amount and condition of combustible material, ventilation openings, and ceiling height. A high amount of combustible material in the auditorium poses a significant fire hazard, hence, efforts need to be made to minimize the risk. One approach is to use Computational Fluid Dynamic software, such as Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), to model fire combustion. In this research, it provides an overview of the heat release rate (HRR) of fires that occur as well as the effect of differences in ceiling height and the effect of ventilation on fire spread. This research employed Polyurethane foam, commonly used for auditorium seats, as the sample material. Furthermore, it modeled two fire points, one on the 9th floor and the other on the 10th floor, in the middle of seat rows. The development of fire in the modeling was described by the results of visualization, HRR, burning rate, and temperature rise. These results provided insight into the speed at which fire and smoke spread. The starting point on the 9th floor had the highest flame spread rate due to the ceiling jet phenomenon, where a high amount of combustible material caused the ceiling temperature to increase, producing a heat flux that could burn surrounding seats. In both scenarios, the smoke spread rapidly toward the ventilation openings. However, it was denser on the 9th floor as the starting point was farther from the ventilation openings, and the smoke on the 10th floor was less dense.

show abstract

Section: ………………………………………………………………(1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Fire and Smoke Spread in Ki Hajar Dewantara Auditorium, State University of Jakarta, Using Fire Dynamics Simulator

Arrizq,

Setyadi

2023

JMEST

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Table 2 illustrates the limit masses of the typical combustible materials under study. To extinguish fires in the above mentioned spaces, sprinkler and deluge systems are mainly used with water as a firefighting agent [36]. The wide application of water to extinguish a compartment fire is conditioned by its high cooling and diluting effects (due to its high heat capacity and vaporization heat).…”

Section: Materials and Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The heat fluxes determined following the experiments in this research are consistent with the data of other studies, which shows the adequacy of the approach (Formulas (1)-( 4)) proposed to q sum estimation. The experimental conditions in this research differ from those in [36][37][38][39]. The main objective of the q sum calculation and comparison against the findings from [36][37][38][39] was to compare the heat fluxes (Table 5).…”

Section: Model Fire Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental conditions in this research differ from those in [36][37][38][39]. The main objective of the q sum calculation and comparison against the findings from [36][37][38][39] was to compare the heat fluxes (Table 5). The total heat fluxes (Table 4) were calculated to show the difference between their values during the flame combustion and thermal decomposition of the various fuels.…”

Section: Model Fire Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Influence of Compartment Fire Behavior at Ignition and Combustion Development Stages on the Operation of Fire Detectors

Жданова

Волков

Sviridenko

et al. 2022

Fire

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents experimental research findings for those involved in the early phase of fire in office buildings. Class A model fires with a reaction area from 5 cm2 to 300 cm2 were chosen for investigation. To mock up a fire, the following combustible materials typical of offices were used: wood pieces, heat-insulated linoleum, paper and cardboard. The main characteristics of a model fire were recorded: temperature in the combustion zone, heat release, time of complete burnout and concentration of flue gas components. Typical trends and histograms of changes of these characteristics over time were presented; stages of ignition, flame combustion and smoldering were illustrated. The key characteristics of fire detector activation at different stages of model fire combustion were analyzed. Dead bands and operation conditions of a group of detectors (smoke, heat, optical, flame), their response time and errors were identified. It has been established that the most effective detectors are flame and smoke detectors. Specific operational aspects of detectors were established when recording the ignition of different types of model fires. The viability of combining at least two detectors to record fire behavior was established. Recommendations were made on using the obtained findings when optimizing the systems for detecting and recording the start of a compartment fire.

show abstract

“…Fire location: This building characteristic represents different locations of fire emergency in the building, which are divided into two levels: (1) "First floor" level is when the simulated fire is reported from the first floor near the inflammable material and (2) "Third floor" level illustrates a simulated fire on the third floor near the sever room. Different fire sources should be chosen for the simualtion model to illustrate the impact of fire source from varied locations [42]. In this study, fire locations are selected based on the discussion with the stakeholders of the case-study company, in which previous accidents had occurred at the case-study building.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated IEW-TOPSIS and Fire Dynamics Simulation for Agent-Based Evacuation Modeling in Industrial Safety

Chanthakhot

Ransikarbum

2021

Safety

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Emergency events in the industrial sector have been increasingly reported during the past decade. However, studies that focus on emergency evacuation to improve industrial safety are still scarce. Existing evacuation-related studies also lack a perspective of fire assembly point’s analysis. In this research, location of assembly points is analyzed using the multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) technique based on the integrated information entropy weight (IEW) and techniques for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) to support the fire evacuation plan. Next, we propose a novel simulation model that integrates fire dynamics simulation coupled with agent-based evacuation simulation to evaluate the impact of smoke and visibility from fire on evacuee behavior. Factors related to agent and building characteristics are examined for fire perception of evacuees, evacuees with physical disabilities, escape door width, fire location, and occupancy density. Then, the proposed model is applied to a case study of a home appliance factory in Chachoengsao, Thailand. Finally, results for the total evacuation time and the number of remaining occupants are statistically examined to suggest proper evacuation planning.

show abstract

Experimental Study on Fire Sources for Full-Scale Fire Testing of Simple Sprinkler Systems Installed in Multiplexes

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Analysis of Fire and Smoke Spread in Ki Hajar Dewantara Auditorium, State University of Jakarta, Using Fire Dynamics Simulator

Analysis of Fire and Smoke Spread in Ki Hajar Dewantara Auditorium, State University of Jakarta, Using Fire Dynamics Simulator

Influence of Compartment Fire Behavior at Ignition and Combustion Development Stages on the Operation of Fire Detectors

Integrated IEW-TOPSIS and Fire Dynamics Simulation for Agent-Based Evacuation Modeling in Industrial Safety

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About