Experimental Study on Matched Particle Size and Elastic Modulus of Preformed Particle Gel for Oil Reservoirs

Abstract

Suitable elastic modulus and particle size of preformed particle gel are the keys to both diverting water flow and avoiding permanent impairment to reservoirs. Therefore, the paper aims at finding the best matched preformed particle gel for given reservoirs using sand-pack displacement experiments. The results show that the injection pressure of preformed particle gel with excessively small size and elastic modulus is relatively low, indicating poor capacity to increase flow resistance and reduce water channeling. On the other hand, if the particle size and elastic modulus of preformed particle gel are excessively large, the reservoir may be plugged and irreversibly damaged, affecting oil development performance. In fact, the best matched particle size and elastic modulus of preformed particle gel increase with the increase in reservoir permeability. Furthermore, the paper establishes a quantitative logarithmic model between the particle size of preformed particle gel and reservoir permeability. Finally, the established matching relationship is validated via microscopic visualization oil displacement experiments using a glass etching model. The validation experiments indicate that the preformed particle gel (60–80 mesh; 2–4 Pa) selected according to the matching relationship can effectively reduce water channeling and increase sweeping efficiency by as much as 55% compared with water flooding in the glass etching model with an average permeability of 2624 × 10−3 μm2. Therefore, the established matching relationship can provide an effective guide when selecting the best suitable preformed particle gel for a given reservoir in more future applications.

Biodegradable Preformed Particle Gel (PPG) Made of Natural Chitosan Material for Water Shut-Off Application

“…PPG has been the subject of a great deal of research in recent years, with the majority of these studies concentrating on the effects of PPG composition (monomer/polymer and crosslinker concentrations) and the environmental parameters (such as temperature, salinity, and pH) on swollen PPG strength and swelling capacity [13][14][15][16][17]. A few studies have taken long-term thermal stability and aging tests into account [18,19]; others included the particle size study of the swollen PPGs to place the appropriate size in the designated fracture zone [20][21][22]. Therefore, it is vital to consider all aspects above when creating innovative PPG formulations.…”

Hyperbranched Copolymer as a Viscosity Reducer for Offshore Heavy Oil: From Optimization to Application

“…In recent years, some new chemical flooding technologies have emerged for heavy oil reservoirs. There are heterogeneous combination flooding agents such as preformed particle gel , and dispersed particle gel, , which are usually combined with surfactants and have good temperature resistance and salt resistance. This displacement method combines mobility control and displacement, effectively improving sweep efficiency and displacement efficiency.…”