Experimental Study on Module-to-Module Thermal Runaway-Propagation in a Battery Pack

Gao, Shang; Lu, Languang; Ouyang, Minggao; Duan, Yongkang; Zhu, Xinwei; Xu, Chang; Ng, Benjamin; Kamyab, Niloofar; White, Ralph E.; Coman, Paul T.

doi:10.1149/2.1011910jes

Cited by 71 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Therefore, TR propagation is considered as the utmost safety issue for large-format LIB modules. 46 Herein, the cooling processes of the battery from the maximum temperature to 60 °C under three conditions are compared (Figure 3d). As Table 4 concluded, it takes 5993 s for the battery under AC to reduce from T max to 60 °C, corresponding to a cooling rate of 0.0367 °C/s.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Runaway Characteristics of LFP Batteries by Immersion Cooling

Bai

Liu

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Energy storage power stations using lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4, LFP) batteries have developed rapidly with the expansion of construction scale in recent years. Owing to complex electrochemical systems and application scenarios of batteries, there is a high risk of thermal runaway (TR) and TR propagation, which may result in fires or explosions. In this work, an oil-immersed battery cooling system was fabricated to validate its potential function on high-safety energy storage power stations. The TR characteristics of a 125 Ah prismatic LFP battery immersed in 10# transformer oil were thoroughly investigated via overcharging experiments. The battery under immersion cooling with dynamic flow of coolants displayed the highest cooling rate of 0.143 °C/s compared to the static cooling (0.074 °C/s) and air cooling (0.037 °C/s). Beyond that, the constructed dynamic cooling system decreased the operating temperature of the battery by about 3–5 °C at 1P, primarily attributing to the good heat dissipation. Our findings indicate that the oil-immersed cooling system can prevent both TR of batteries and TR propagation, exhibiting attractive prospects for application in energy storage power stations.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Runaway Characteristics of LFP Batteries by Immersion Cooling

Bai

Liu

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…The combustibility of the Gr|NMC811 batteries with LiFSI/DMC (1:1.9 by molar) and LiFSI/TMP (1:1.9 by molar), respectively, was examined by a lateral heating test 39 . In detail, a ceramic heater, 28 mm in diameter, was fixed on the center of the battery’s surface.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal runaway of Lithium-ion batteries employing LiN(SO2F)2-based concentrated electrolytes

et al. 2020

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Concentrated electrolytes usually demonstrate good electrochemical performance and thermal stability, and are also supposed to be promising when it comes to improving the safety of lithium-ion batteries due to their low flammability. Here, we show that LiN(SO2F)2-based concentrated electrolytes are incapable of solving the safety issues of lithium-ion batteries. To illustrate, a mechanism based on battery material and characterizations reveals that the tremendous heat in lithium-ion batteries is released due to the reaction between the lithiated graphite and LiN(SO2F)2 triggered thermal runaway of batteries, even if the concentrated electrolyte is non-flammable or low-flammable. Generally, the flammability of an electrolyte represents its behaviors when oxidized by oxygen, while it is the electrolyte reduction that triggers the chain of exothermic reactions in a battery. Thus, this study lights the way to a deeper understanding of the thermal runaway mechanism in batteries as well as the design philosophy of electrolytes for safer lithium-ion batteries.

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“…Because cells are densely packed, thermal runaway of one cell is likely to propagate to neighboring cells and eventually setting the whole battery on fire. The theory of thermal runaway and propagation of lithium-ion batteries is well understood and described in many practical investigations [16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Thermal Runaway and Its Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%