Experimental tumor growth of canine osteosarcoma cell line on chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (in vivo studies)

Abstract

The chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model is extensively used in human medicine in preclinical oncological studies. The CAM model has several advantages: low cost, simple experimental approach, time saving and following “3R principles”. Research has shown that the human osteosarcoma cell lines U2OS, MMNG-HOS, and SAOS can form tumors on the CAM. In veterinary medicine, this has been described only for feline fibrosarcomas, feline mammary carcinomas and canine osteosarcomas. However, in case of canine osteosarcomas, it has been shown that only non-adherent osteosarcoma stem cells isolated from KTOSA5 and CSKOS cell lines have the ability to form microtumors on the CAM after an incubation period of 5 days, in contrast to adherent KTOSA5 and CSKOS cells. In the presented study, we have proven that the commercial adherent canine osteosarcoma cell line (D-17) can form vascularized tumors on the CAM after the incubation period of 10 days.

PLGA Nanoparticles for the Intraperitoneal Administration of CBD in the Treatment of Ovarian Cancer: In Vitro and In Ovo Assessment

“…The CAM model has been proposed as a promising alternative to in vivo assays in cancer research due to the possibility to evaluate the efficacy of novel treatments in a tumour mass without using animals. The chick embryo is not immunocompetent, and cells and tissues from different species could be successfully inoculated [64,65]. In fact, SKOV-3-derived tumours have been implanted successfully in this model [66,67].…”

Evolving applications of the egg: chorioallantoic membrane assay and ex vivo organotypic culture of materials for bone tissue engineering

“… 53 The CAM assay is also used to test the irritancy and biocompatibility of substances 43 or materials, which, as a consequence, directly impacts on the welfare of larger laboratory animals, for example, as a substitute for the well-known Draize test in rabbits. The CAM assay is poorly described in veterinary medicine research, although the CAM has been used in feline and canine oncology research, 54 which could be pivotal in testing treatments for canine osteosarcoma 55 and translation to human patients and vice versa. Of key interest is the potential of the CAM to provide assessment and visualisation of early biological events, not possible/observed in larger animal models in which experiments are, typically, run over a longer time frame and results gained at a later stage of pathogenesis or healing.…”

Proteomic Differences in Feline Fibrosarcomas Grown Using Doxorubicin-Sensitive and -Resistant Cell Lines in the Chick Embryo Model

“…The CAM model is widely used for angiogenesis assays, acute toxicological studies, and studies of neoplastic cell extravasation, bone regeneration, and molecular cancer biology [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. In veterinary medicine, it has been applied in canine osteosarcoma, canine soft-tissue sarcoma, canine mammary gland tumors, feline mammary carcinoma, and feline fibrosarcoma research [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. In the case of FISS, the CAM model has been shown to closely resembles spontaneous FISS, making it a good alternative for expensive, time-consuming rodent models, which as opposed to the CAM model, require Animal Ethics Commission approval [ 40 ].…”