Explaining the Development of Dietary Dominance by a Single Ungulate Taxon at Grotte XVI, Dordogne, France

Grayson, Donald K.; Delpech, François; Rigaud, Jean‐Philippe; Simek, Jan F.

doi:10.1006/jasc.2000.0556

Cited by 103 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Because the measures incorporate caloric relationships based on body size (i.e., larger-bodied animals have a higher caloric return), shifts in the index can reflect changes in return/encounter rate and thus foraging efficiency (e.g., Hildebrandt and Jones 1992, Broughton 1994, Janetski 1997, Butler 2000, Cannon 2000, Grayson 2001; for discussion see Lyman [2003], Betts and Friesen [2006]). As a result, when judiciously calculated, AIs can be used to track the occurrence of resource depressions, defined as a reduction in return/ encounter rate caused by availability of prey (e.g., Charnov et al 1976, Stephens andKrebs 1986).…”

Section: Faunal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Introduction to the Biocomplexity of Sanak Island, Western Gulf of Alaska

et al. 2009

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The Sanak Biocomplexity Project is a transdisciplinary research effort focused on a small island archipelago 50 km south of the Alaska Peninsula in the western Gulf of Alaska. This team of archaeologists, terrestrial ecologists, social anthropologists, intertidal ecologists, geologists, oceanographers, paleoecologists, and modelers is seeking to understanding the role of the ancient, historic, and modern Aleut in the structure and functioning of local and regional ecosystems. Using techniques ranging from systematic surveys to stable isotope chemistry, long-term shifts in social dynamics and ecosystem structure are present in the context of changing climatic regimes and human impacts. This paper presents a summary of a range of our preliminary findings.

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Section: Faunal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Introduction to the Biocomplexity of Sanak Island, Western Gulf of Alaska

et al. 2009

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“…Doing so is likely to be a daunting task, since it is very likely that an adequate explanation will have to be built by treating each organism on its own [27]. Nonetheless, experience in other parts of the world shows that it can be done [18,40]. It is clearly time to begin the task in a North American context.…”

Section: The End Of North American Overkillmentioning

confidence: 99%

A requiem for North American overkill

Grayson

Meltzer

2003

Journal of Archaeological Science

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277

154

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The argument that human hunters were responsible for the extinction of a wide variety of large Pleistocene mammals emerged in western Europe during the 1860s, alongside the recognition that people had coexisted with those mammals. Today, the overkill position is rejected for western Europe but lives on in Australia and North America. The survival of this hypothesis is due almost entirely to Paul Martin, the architect of the first detailed version of it. In North America, archaeologists and paleontologists whose work focuses on the late Pleistocene routinely reject Martin's position for two prime reasons: there is virtually no evidence that supports it, and there is a remarkably broad set of evidence that strongly suggests that it is wrong. In response, Martin asserts that the overkill model predicts a lack of supporting evidence, thus turning the absence of empirical support into support for his beliefs. We suggest that this feature of the overkill position removes the hypothesis from the realm of science and places it squarely in the realm of faith. One may or may not believe in the overkill position, but one should not confuse it with a scientific hypothesis about the nature of the North American past.

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“…Despite this early exposure, until recently archaeologists have routinely preferred other measures of diversity in assessing zooarchaeological assemblages. In the past several years, evenness measures have been increasingly used by archaeologists working within an optimal foraging theory framework (i.e., [19,21,28,36]). Understanding of what evenness means within an archaeological context, however, has lagged far behind comparable work done in ecology.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dietary evenness, prey choice, and human–environment interactions

Jones

2004

Journal of Archaeological Science

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Although measures of evenness of archaeological faunas are increasingly used in zooarchaeological analyses, the widely accepted hypothesis that increasing evenness should indicate increasing dietary breadth has not been tested. In this paper, I examine three factors that can contribute to changing evenness values-changing encounter rates with high-ranked prey types, changing diet breadth, and similarity between the return rates of the highest-ranked resources-and discuss ways of controlling the latter two factors. I then test the "evenness hypothesis" using ethnographic data collected by Smith Although the results support the evenness hypothesis, they also show that the nature of archaeological data may make evenness measures difficult to use accurately. Evenness can be used to understand changing prehistoric encounter rates with prey, but many conditions must be met for it to do so.

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Explaining the Development of Dietary Dominance by a Single Ungulate Taxon at Grotte XVI, Dordogne, France

Cited by 103 publications

References 33 publications

An Introduction to the Biocomplexity of Sanak Island, Western Gulf of Alaska

An Introduction to the Biocomplexity of Sanak Island, Western Gulf of Alaska

A requiem for North American overkill

Dietary evenness, prey choice, and human–environment interactions

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