Exploration of Gas Hydrates

Thakur, Naveen; Rajput, Sanjeev

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-14234-5

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Some of the fundamental characteristics of BSR include the following: (a) BSR becomes recorded because of negative impedance contrast between high-velocity sediments containing hydrate and low-velocity sediments containing free gas (because sound waves travel the slowest through gases, faster through liquids, and fastest through solids). , (b) BSR requires an abrupt impedance contrast . (c) BSR will have a polarity opposite that of the seabed reflector, and a firm reflection is expected to exist as a result of a stinging change in acoustic impedance .…”

Section: Exploration Techniques For a Gas Hydrate Reservoirmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The following are the attributes during well logging in gas hydrate reservoirs: (a) The change in sediment physical properties as a result of the presence of hydrate and underlying free gas allows for detection . (b) Logging measurements give localized information but provide no information into the lateral distribution of hydrates . (c) The two primary properties are seismic velocity and electrical resistivity.…”

Section: Exploration Techniques For a Gas Hydrate Reservoirmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Far and wide hydrate reservoir exploration depends mainly upon seismic and cold seep system techniques . Geophysical seismic surveys, such as conventional two-dimensional/three-dimensional (2D/3D) surveys, vertical seismic profiling, or ocean bottom seismic techniques, along with well logging and control source electromagnetic surveys, form the backbone for identification of gas hydrate reservoirs and assessment of gas hydrate volume in place . Bottom seismic reflection (BSR) techniques combined with enhanced reflections below BSR, mounds, reflection strength, and seismic banking are the decisive seismic indicators for gas hydrate reservoirs .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 Geophysical seismic surveys, such as conventional two-dimensional/three-dimensional (2D/3D) surveys, vertical seismic profiling, or ocean bottom seismic techniques, along with well logging and control source electromagnetic surveys, form the backbone for identification of gas hydrate reservoirs and assessment of gas hydrate volume in place. 15 Bottom seismic reflection (BSR) techniques combined with enhanced reflections below BSR, mounds, reflection strength, and seismic banking are the decisive seismic indicators for gas hydrate reservoirs. 16 The results from these geological and geophysical exploration activities need to be verified through drilling for further field appraisal and development activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive Review on Exploration and Drilling Techniques for Natural Gas Hydrate Reservoirs

2020

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With the depletion of conventional oil reservoirs and concerns about the increasing carbon footprint of coal, natural gas is poised to play a much bigger role in sustainable economic growth. Gas hydrates being an abundant source of clean methane have created great interest among academia and industry. Its demographic occurrence in shallow depths has motivated industry and academia to explore its abundance and exploitation potential. Despite being shallow, offshore gas hydrate exploration and drilling is a deepwater endeavor, which was considered expensive and risky as a result of its narrow thermodynamic stability and lack of exploitation experience. However, with recent advancement in technology and long-term field trials, it has been universally accepted that methane production from marine hydrate reservoirs is achievable with innovative drilling techniques and proper well design pertaining to the appropriate location and layout of wells, efficient well orientation, competent casing and tubing design, and completion design requirements for long operating life and reliability of the well. Much has been discussed about exploration and production, but very little has been addressed about the drilling technologies that have the potential for safe and effective exploitation of this resource in commercial quantities. The objective of this review is to enlighten the readers with exploration techniques used to locate gas hydrate reservoirs and discuss drilling tools and techniques that have the potential to avoid premature hydrate dissociation around the wellbore and enhance production life of the well with minimum interventions. The techniques discussed are mostly the learnings from the international drilling projects on different types of gas hydrate reservoirs. This review also focuses on different drilling fluids, pressurized coring systems, and well logs suitable for hydrate reservoirs. We believe that this review will provide a scientific reference material to engineers for safe exploration and drilling and stimulate upcoming exploration and drilling activities in the field of gas hydrates.

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Section: Exploration Techniques For a Gas Hydrate Reservoirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Exploration Techniques For a Gas Hydrate Reservoirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive Review on Exploration and Drilling Techniques for Natural Gas Hydrate Reservoirs

2020

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“…Luckily, methane (the main component of natural gas) hydrate is crystalline and a nonstoichiometric compound constituted by water and methane molecules under thermodynamic favorable conditions, and only H 2 O and CO 2 are produced after combustion. The exploitations of natural hydrate have been conducted worldwide due to its tremendous temptation but are often followed by potential climate and geological disasters, so it is still a long way to go to promote its production. , However, hydrate-based technologies were widely applied in various fields, such as gas separation, , desalination, and refrigeration, and the synthesized hydrate can provide a safer and more economical method to store and transport natural gas, that is, solidified natural gas (SNG), which was reported to be one of the most promising approaches compared with liquified natural gas and compressed natural gas. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrate Formation Loaded by an Activated Carbon Bed in 3D-Printed Containers

Zhang

Wang

2021

Energy Fuels

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To improve the understanding on methane storage in wet porous media under hydrate favorable conditions, hydrate formation loaded by an activated carbon bed in three three-dimensional printed containers was carried out, while the recycling performance of the activated carbon bed was also evaluated. As expected, due to low permeability of the bed, poor hydrate kinetics was observed for small particles, but this is improved by increasing the exposure of the bed. When there is hydrate formation loaded by an activated carbon bed in a container, the specific contact area governs hydrate nucleation and growth kinetics, and the accessibility of methane with inner water increases with the increase in gas–solid contact area, giving rise to fast hydrate nucleation and large methane uptake. Impressively, the hydrate induction time for container 3 is only 3.53 and 41.79% of that in container 1 under the filling ratios (volume ratio of the sample to container) of 80 and 100% separately, while the methane uptake increases by about 8% for both the scenarios. In addition, because of the migration of water to side walls, exceptional recycling performance of the activated carbon bed was also observed, and this characteristic causes the bed to be easily charged and discharged like a battery. These findings may pave the way for the application of the adsorbed natural gas technology using wet activated carbon under hydrate-favorable conditions.

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