Expression and localization of vascular endothelial growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 in human epidermal appendages: a comparison study by immunofluorescence

Abstract

A potential VEGF/VEGFR-2 autocrine pathway may be defined by the coexpression of VEGF and VEGFR-2 in human skin epidermal appendages.

Androgenetic Alopecia: A Chronic or Pubertal Onset Disease Retarded by Blood Donation

“…It is well documented that platelet rich plasma preparations (PRP) ignites hair cycle and hair canal formation by secreting various proteins like platelet derived growth factor and cytokines as well as through enhancing cells proliferation. Anti-apoptice effects of PRP also increase survival and anagen phase of hair cycle [29][30][31][32][33].…”

Adenosine stimulates growth of dermal papilla and lengthens the anagen phase by increasing the cysteine level via fibroblast growth factors 2 and 7 in an organ culture of mouse vibrissae hair follicles

“…VEGF mRNA expression in normal human hair follicles varies during the hair cycle. It is strongly expressed in the anagen phase and decreased in the catagen and telogen phases (28,29). Our experimental results, therefore, suggest that treatment of DP cells with adenosine is effective in maintaining high IGF-1 and VEGF expressions and the ability to induce hair growth in DP cells.…”

Expression and localization of the vascular endothelial growth factor and changes of microvessel density during hair follicle development of Liaoning cashmere goats

“…The immunoreactivity analysis for VEGF showed that it was expressed in the hair bulb of primary and secondary hair follicles, the ORS, IRS, sebaceous glands (ductal and secretory portions), eccrine sweat glands (ductal and secretory portions), and epidermis. Man et al (2009) also showed that VEGF was expressed in anagen hair follicles, including the inner or outer root sheath, fiber root sheath, dermal papillae, and progenitors of the hair shaft and pluripotential epidermal matrix cells. Furthermore, VEGF expression and the MVD increased during the anagen to catagen transition in the primary and secondary hair follicles, and the change in MVD and VEGF expression in the dermis showed bimodal patterns, in which two peaks were observed in May and August.…”

“…In particular, VEGF plays important roles in promoting angiogenesis by stimulating capillary proliferation, migration, and permeability, as well as tissue development, by regulating growth and differentiation (Ferrara et al, 2003;Tammela et al, 2005). VEGF expression has been observed in normal epidermis (Ballaun et al, 1995;Weninger et al, 1996), skin tumors (Weninger et al, 1996;Viac et al, 1997), hair follicles (Man et al, 2009), and sebaceous glands (Lachgar et al, 1996a,b;Kozlowska et al, 1998b). The latter two, together with eccrine sweat glands, are termed the 'epidermal appendages', and are lined with epithelial cells (Man et al, 2009).…”

“…VEGF expression has been observed in normal epidermis (Ballaun et al, 1995;Weninger et al, 1996), skin tumors (Weninger et al, 1996;Viac et al, 1997), hair follicles (Man et al, 2009), and sebaceous glands (Lachgar et al, 1996a,b;Kozlowska et al, 1998b). The latter two, together with eccrine sweat glands, are termed the 'epidermal appendages', and are lined with epithelial cells (Man et al, 2009). Therefore, VEGF may be responsible for maintaining proper vasculature around the hair follicle during the anagen growth phase.…”