Expression of antimicrobial peptides in atopic dermatitis and possible immunoregulatory functions

Kopfnagel, Verena; Harder, Jürgen; Werfel, Thomas

doi:10.1097/aci.0b013e328364ddfd

Cited by 52 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The down-regulation of inducible AMPs/HDPs in AD has been attributed to the inhibitory effects of overexpressed Th2 cytokines on these peptides 101) . This finding is also supported by the observation that neutralization of Th2 cytokines resulted into elevated expression of hBD-2, hBD-3 and LL-37 in AD skin 103) . In contrast, Kisich et al reported that the mobilization of hBD-3 on S. aureus is impaired in AD patients compared with healthy subjects because of excess amounts of Th2 cytokines that interfere with antimicrobial activity 104) .…”

Section: Amps/hdps In Adsupporting

confidence: 76%

Novel Insight Into the Role of Antimicrobial (Host Defense) Peptides/Proteins in Human Skin Diseases

Niyonsaba

2016

Juntendo Medical Journal

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In addition to functioning as a physical barrier, the skin has evolved several innate defense mechanisms for the rapid recognition of and protection against harmful microorganisms. As a part of this process, the skin releases a vast and powerful arsenal of antimicrobial peptides/proteins (AMPs), also called host defense peptides/proteins (HDPs), which are key players in the cutaneous immune system. Although originally named antimicrobial peptides, recent evidence has demonstrated that AMPs/HDPs play additional roles in orchestrating the adaptive immune response, such as the regulation of inflammation, induction of cell proliferation and differentiation, regulation of cytokine/chemokine production, facilitation of cell migration, promotion of wound healing and regulation of tight junction barriers. Additionally, numerous skin diseases show altered expression of AMPs/HDPs in the lesional skin, suggesting the crucial roles of these molecules in the pathophysiology of skin diseases. The purpose of this review is to describe the current knowledge regarding some of the most common and well-known AMPs/HDPs derived from the skin, to discuss the regulation of their expression and their antimicrobial and immunomodulatory functions, and to outline their roles in various skin diseases. We believe that understanding the basic knowledge of skin-derived AMPs/HDPs would provide new insight into the pathophysiology of skin disorders and offer novel therapeutic opportunities for skin infectious diseases.

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Section: Amps/hdps In Adsupporting

confidence: 76%

Novel Insight Into the Role of Antimicrobial (Host Defense) Peptides/Proteins in Human Skin Diseases

Niyonsaba

2016

Juntendo Medical Journal

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“…It is still controversial whether AMPs are increased or decreased in atopic dermatitis lesional skin (16)(17)(18)(19). Although there have been considerable numbers of articles showing increased AMP expression in atopic dermatitis lesional skin, recent reports indicate that induction, release, and mobilization of AMPs in atopic dermatitis skin do not reach sufficient levels to provide adequate control of cutaneous microbial colonization (20). T H 2 cytokines appear to negatively influence the expression and induction of some AMPs (18,19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin Barrier Dysfunction and Low Antimicrobial Peptide Expression in Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma

Suga

Sugaya

Miyagaki

et al. 2014

Clinical Cancer Research

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Purpose: Atopic dermatitis is characterized by decreased expression of filaggrin and loricrin. Patients with atopic dermatitis often suffer from skin infections, which are also frequently seen in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). In this study, we aimed to investigate the skin barrier in CTCL.Experimental Design: We assessed skin moisture and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) in patients with CTCL. We next examined mRNA expression levels of filaggrin, loricrin, and antimicrobial peptides (AMP) in skin samples of CTCL, using skin from healthy volunteers and patients with atopic dermatitis or psoriasis as controls. Immunostainings for filaggrin, loricrin, and S100 proteins were also performed.Results: Lower levels of skin moisture accompanied by higher levels of TEWL were seen in lesional skin of CTCL than in normal skin. CTCL lesional skin contained lower levels of filaggrin and loricrin mRNA than normal skin, which was also true with atopic dermatitis and psoriatic skin. mRNA expression levels of filaggrin in CTCL skin negatively correlated with disease severity markers. Expression levels of AMPs in lesional skin of CTCL and atopic dermatitis were significantly lower than in psoriatic skin. Immunohistochemistry confirmed decreased expression of filaggrin and loricrin in CTCL, atopic dermatitis, and psoriatic skin and enhanced expression of S100 proteins in psoriatic skin.Conclusions: Our results show that there is barrier dysfunction in CTCL skin, similar to what is seen with atopic dermatitis skin. In addition, low AMP expression in CTCL skin was documented when compared with psoriatic skin, which may explain frequent infections that can occur in patients with CTCL. Clin Cancer Res; 20(16); 4339-48. Ó2014 AACR.

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“…Jest ona uwalniana przez eozynofile, których napływ do ognisk zapalnych w skórze stymulują cytokiny uwalniane przez limfocyty Th2 [7], a także przez zapalne komórki dendrytyczne naskórka (IDECs) napływa-jące do naskórka w trakcie zapalenia [8]. Wykazano także w krwi obwodowej chorych na AD podwyż-szone stężenie Th17, natomiast w wycinkach skór-Dermatology Review/Przegląd Dermatologiczny 2017/2 thesized by these lymphocytes activate the expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMP), TNF-α and IL-8 in the epidermis, which escalates the inflammatory state [10]. The Th17 response is especially prominent in iAD [11].…”

Section: Wprowadzenieunclassified

“…Syntetyzowane przez te limfocyty IL-17 i IL-22 aktywują ekspresję białek przeciwbakteryjnych (AMP), TNF-α i IL-8 w naskórku, przez co nasila się stan zapalny [10]. Odpowiedź typu Th17 jest szczególnie wyraźna w iAD [11].…”

Section: Wprowadzenieunclassified

Contact hypersensitivity to nickel in patients with atopic dermatitis

Rożalski¹,

Blicharz²,

Samochocki³

2017

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Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory dermatosis with a complex and not fully explained pathogenesis. Recent years' research points to a significant percentage of patients with atopic eczema in whom hapten patch test results are positive, especially with respect to nickel. These observations undermine suggestions that contact allergy (type IV hypersensitivity) is rare in this group due to the dominance of the Th2-type cellular response characteristic for type I allergic reactions. In this review we aimed to systematize current knowledge regarding the pathomechanisms of contact hypersensitivity to nickel in patients with atopic dermatitis and the potential influence of this hapten on the clinical course of the disease. STRESZCZENIEAtopowe zapalenie skóry jest przewlekłą, nawrotową dermatozą zapalną o złożonej, nie w pełni wyjaśnionej etiopatogenezie. Badania z ostatnich lat wskazują na istotny odsetek chorych na wyprysk atopowy, u których stwierdza się dodatnie wyniki płatkowych testów kontaktowych z haptenami, głównie z niklem. Obserwacje te przeczą sugestii, że w tej grupie pacjentów alergia kontaktowa (IV mechanizm nadwrażliwości) jest rzadkim zjawiskiem ze względu na przewagę odpowiedzi komórkowej typu Th2, typowej dla I mechanizmu nadwraż-liwości. W poniższej pracy autorzy podjęli próbę usystematyzowania dotychczasowej wiedzy o patomechanizmie rozwoju nadwrażliwości kontaktowej na nikiel u chorych na atopowe zapalenie skóry i ewentualnym wpływie tego haptenu na kliniczny przebieg schorzenia.

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Expression of antimicrobial peptides in atopic dermatitis and possible immunoregulatory functions

Cited by 52 publications

References 42 publications

Novel Insight Into the Role of Antimicrobial (Host Defense) Peptides/Proteins in Human Skin Diseases

Novel Insight Into the Role of Antimicrobial (Host Defense) Peptides/Proteins in Human Skin Diseases

Skin Barrier Dysfunction and Low Antimicrobial Peptide Expression in Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma

Contact hypersensitivity to nickel in patients with atopic dermatitis

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