Expression Profiles of TGF-β and TLR Pathways in Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia Challenged Osteoblasts

Abstract

Background:The presence of certain oral pathogens at implant sites can hinder the osseointegration process. However, it is unclear how and by what microorganisms it happens.Objectives:This study investigated whether the presence of oral pathogens of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia individually, play a role in the failure of bone formation by determining the expression profiles of Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGF-β/Bone Morphogenic Protein (BMP) and Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) pathways in challenged osteoblasts.Materials and Methods:Cell viability of P. gingivalis and P. intermedia challenged osteoblasts were determined by WST assay. Changes in osteoblast morphology and inhibition of mineralization were observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Von Kossa staining, respectively. Expression of TGF-β and TLR pathway genes on challenged cells were identified by RT profiler array. Both P. gingivalis and P. intermedia challenges resulted in reduced viability and mineralization of osteoblasts.Results:Viability was reduced to 56.8% (P. gingivalis) and 52.75% (P. intermedia) at 1000 multiplicity. Amongst 48 genes examined, expressions of BMPER, SMAD1, IL8 and NFRKB were found to be highly upregulated by both bacterial challenges (Fold Change > 4).Conclusions:P. gingivalis and P. intermedia could play a role in implant failure by changing the expression profiles of genes related to bone formation and resorption.

Determinasi Jumlah Bakteri Porphyromonas Gingivalis ATCC 33277 pada Saliva Anak Stunting

“…Porpyhromonas gingivalis merupakan bakteri yang dikaitkan erat dengan perkembangan penyakit periodontal pada anak sehat, [12][13][14] dan disebut sebagai keystone pathogens karena keterlibatannya dalam perkembangan penyakit periodontal sangat dominan. 15 Penelitian Bengtsson et al 16 menyatakan bahwa seluruh strain Porphyromonas gingivalis ditemukan dalam perkembangan biofilm, namun strain ATCC 33277 lebih efisien dibandingkan dengan strain lainnya, serta perkembangannya dapat dilihat dengan jelas. Hal ini didukung oleh penelitian Romero-Lastra et al 17 yang membuktikan bahwa dalam perkembangan biofilm, bakteri Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277 memiliki ekspresi gen paling banyak.…”