Extracellular haemolytic activity of Serratia marcescens

Goluszko, P

doi:10.1016/0378-1097(89)90198-5

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…T5SSs include both autotransporters and two-partner systems ( Grijpstra et al 2013 ; Jacob-Dubuisson et al 2013 ). An archetypal example of a two-partner T5SS is ShlBA; the hemolysin ShlA is one of the known major virulence factors in S. marcescens ( Goluszko and Nowacki 1989 ). The shlBA operon is conserved in both strains.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Originally considered as nonpathogenic, it is now recognized as an important nosocomial pathogen capable of causing urinary tract infections ( Maki et al 1973 ; Okuda et al 1984 ; Su et al 2003 ), bloodstream infections including endocarditis ( Korner et al 1994 ), and many other types of infections ( Yu 1979 ). Several potential virulence factors of S. marcescens have been identified, including hemolysin ( Goluszko and Nowacki 1989 ; Shimuta et al 2009 ), proteases ( Lyerly et al 1981 ; Lyerly and Kreger 1983 ), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ( Makimura et al 2007 ), fimbriae ( Parment et al 1992 ), and siderophores ( Letoffe et al 1994 ). The pathogenicity and genomic plasticity of members of this species are, however, yet to be fully understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome Evolution and Plasticity of Serratia marcescens, an Important Multidrug-Resistant Nosocomial Pathogen

Iguchi

Nagaya

Pradel

et al. 2014

Genome Biology and Evolution

163

149

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Serratia marcescens is an important nosocomial pathogen that can cause an array of infections, most notably of the urinary tract and bloodstream. Naturally, it is found in many environmental niches, and is capable of infecting plants and animals. The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant strains producing extended-spectrum or metallo beta-lactamases now pose a threat to public health worldwide. Here we report the complete genome sequences of two carefully selected S. marcescens strains, a multidrug-resistant clinical isolate (strain SM39) and an insect isolate (strain Db11). Our comparative analyses reveal the core genome of S. marcescens and define the potential metabolic capacity, virulence, and multidrug resistance of this species. We show a remarkable intraspecies genetic diversity, both at the sequence level and with regards genome flexibility, which may reflect the diversity of niches inhabited by members of this species. A broader analysis with other Serratia species identifies a set of approximately 3,000 genes that characterize the genus. Within this apparent genetic diversity, we identified many genes implicated in the high virulence potential and antibiotic resistance of SM39, including the metallo beta-lactamase and multiple other drug resistance determinants carried on plasmid pSMC1. We further show that pSMC1 is most closely related to plasmids circulating in Pseudomonas species. Our data will provide a valuable basis for future studies on S. marcescens and new insights into the genetic mechanisms that underlie the emergence of pathogens highly resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Evolution and Plasticity of Serratia marcescens, an Important Multidrug-Resistant Nosocomial Pathogen

Iguchi

Nagaya

Pradel

et al. 2014

Genome Biology and Evolution

163

149

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“…While the ShlAB hemolysin of S. marcescens is contact dependent, an extracellular hemolysin was described in 1989 and was recently characterized (153,351). This hemolysin, PhlA, has phospholipase A activity (351).…”

Section: Enzymes Produced By Serratia Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serratia Infections: from Military Experiments to Current Practice

2011

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SUMMARY Serratia species, in particular Serratia marcescens , are significant human pathogens. S. marcescens has a long and interesting taxonomic, medical experimentation, military experimentation, and human clinical infection history. The organisms in this genus, particularly S. marcescens , were long thought to be nonpathogenic. Because S. marcescens was thought to be a nonpathogen and is usually red pigmented, the U.S. military conducted experiments that attempted to ascertain the spread of this organism released over large areas. In the process, members of both the public and the military were exposed to S. marcescens , and this was uncovered by the press in the 1970s, leading to U.S. congressional hearings. S. marcescens was found to be a certain human pathogen by the mid-1960s. S. marcescens and S. liquefaciens have been isolated as causative agents of numerous outbreaks and opportunistic infections, and the association of these organisms with point sources such as medical devices and various solutions given to hospitalized patients is striking. Serratia species appear to be common environmental organisms, and this helps to explain the large number of nosocomial infections due to these bacteria. Since many nosocomial infections are caused by multiply antibiotic-resistant strains of S. marcescens , this increases the danger to hospitalized patients, and hospital personnel should be vigilant in preventing nosocomial outbreaks due to this organism. S. marcescens , and probably other species in the genus, carries several antibiotic resistance determinants and is also capable of acquiring resistance genes. S. marcescens and S. liquefaciens are usually identified well in the clinical laboratory, but the other species are rare enough that laboratory technologists may not recognize them. 16S rRNA gene sequencing may enable better identification of some of the less common Serratia species.

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“…S. marcescens produces two types of hemolysins: contact-dependent hemolysin and extracellular hemolysin [ 16 ]. The ShlA hemolysin has cytolytic and contact-dependent hemolytic activity, but little is known about the S. marcescens secreted hemolysin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The hemolytic and cytolytic activities of Serratia marcescensphospholipase A (PhlA) depend on lysophospholipid production by PhlA

et al. 2009

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BackgroundSerratia marcescens is a gram-negative bacterium and often causes nosocomial infections. There have been few studies of the virulence factors of this bacterium. The only S. marcescens hemolytic and cytotoxic factor reported, thus far, is the hemolysin ShlA.ResultsAn S. marcescens shlAB deletion mutant was constructed and shown to have no contact hemolytic activity. However, the deletion mutant retained hemolytic activity on human blood agar plates, indicating the presence of another S. marcescens hemolytic factor. Functional cloning of S. marcescens identified a phospholipase A (PhlA) with hemolytic activity on human blood agar plates. A phlAB deletion mutant lost hemolytic activity on human blood agar plates. Purified recombinant PhlA hydrolyzed several types of phospholipids and exhibited phospholipase A1 (PLA1), but not phospholipase A2 (PLA2), activity. The cytotoxic and hemolytic activities of PhlA both required phospholipids as substrates.ConclusionWe have shown that the S. marcescens phlA gene produces hemolysis on human blood agar plates. PhlA induces destabilization of target cell membranes in the presence of phospholipids. Our results indicated that the lysophospholipids produced by PhlA affected cell membranes resulting in hemolysis and cell death.

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Extracellular haemolytic activity of Serratia marcescens

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Genome Evolution and Plasticity of Serratia marcescens, an Important Multidrug-Resistant Nosocomial Pathogen

Genome Evolution and Plasticity of Serratia marcescens, an Important Multidrug-Resistant Nosocomial Pathogen

Serratia Infections: from Military Experiments to Current Practice

The hemolytic and cytolytic activities of Serratia marcescensphospholipase A (PhlA) depend on lysophospholipid production by PhlA

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