Extract from Rhus verniciflua Stokes is capable of inhibiting the growth of human lymphoma cells

Aim: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers in men in the United States with similar trends worldwide. For several reasons, it is an ideal candidate disease for intervention with dietary botanical antioxidants. Indeed, many botanical antioxidants are showing promise for chemoprevention of PCa. Here, we determined the effect of an antioxidant butein (3,4,2¢,4¢-tetrahydroxychalone) on cell growth, apoptosis, and signaling pathways in human PCa cells in-vitro and on tumor growth in athymic nude mice. Results: Treatment with butein (10-30 lM; 48 h) caused a decrease in viability of PCa cells but had only a minimal effect on normal prostate epithelial cells. In butein-treated cells, there was a marked decrease in the protein expression of cyclins D1, D2, and E and cdks 2, 4, and 6 with concomitant induction of WAF1/p21 and KIP1/p27. Treatment of cells with butein caused inhibition of (i) phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (p85 and p110), (ii) phosphorylation of Akt at both Ser 473 and Thr 308 , (iii) nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-jB) and IjB kinasea, (iv) degradation and phosphorylation of IjBa, (v) NF-jB DNA-binding activity, (vi) induction of apoptosis, and (vii) Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage with activation of caspases-3, -8, and -9. Pretreatment of cells with caspase inhibitor (Z-VAD-FMK) blocked butein-induced activation of caspases. In athymic nude mice implanted with human PCa cells, butein caused a significant inhibition of tumor growth with a decrease in the serum prostate-specific antigen levels. Innovation: For the first time, we have shown that butein caused inhibition of prostate tumor growth in-vivo. Conclusion: We suggest that butein could be developed as an agent against PCa.

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Section: Innovationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been traditionally used for the treatment of pain, thrombotic disease, gastritis, stomach cancer, and parasitic infections (12,22) in Korea, Japan, and China. It has also long been used as a food additive in Korea (22). Butein reportedly had protective effects in human leukemia (27), hepatoma (25,26), and breast (21) cancer cells.…”

Section: Innovationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Butein Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Prostate Tumor GrowthIn VitroandIn Vivo

Khan

Adhami

Afaq

et al. 2012

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

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“…Many of the medicinal plants contain a broad spectrum of phytochemical substances which are sources of natural antioxidants such as α-tochopherol, phenolic acids, flavonoids and tannins. In addition to their antioxidant activities, these compounds have other biological properties like anti -inflammatory, antimicrobial and anti -cancer activities [3] . The use of these natural substances is not limited to the therapeutic field but also with the industrial field because they are more preferred instead of using of synthetic antioxidants such as Butylated -hydroxytoluene (BHT), Butylated -hydroxyanisol (BHA) and propyl gallate (PG) [4] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the antioxidant activities of root extracts of Zizyphus lotus from the western region of Algeria

Ghalem¹,

Merghache²,

Belarbi³

2014

Phcog J.

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Objective: To find a new natural source of antioxidant, the phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of some secondary metabolites extracted from roots of Ziziphus lotus were evaluated. Methods: The total polyphenol contents were determined spectrophotometrically. Pyrrocatechol, catechin and cyanidin equivalents were used for these parameters. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined by several in vitro systems of assays, namely DPPH radical scavenging activity method, b-Carotene Bleaching assay (BCB), Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power assay (FRAP) and Total Antioxidant capacity test (TAC). Results: The quantitative estimation showed that the roots of Z. lotus were rich in polyphenols (20.09 mg PE/g DW) and proanthocyannidins (1.56%) and they contained a small amount of flavonoids (0.02 mg CE/g DW). The most fractions exhibited high antioxidant activities, and some even showed higher potency than the standard synthetic antioxidants in some instances. In DPPH assay, all extracts had shown significant inhibition (58.535 -94.730% at 1 mg/mL). In addition, the IC 50 values ranged from 0.211 to 0.816 mg/mL, compared to 0.110, 0.214, 0.214 and 0.413 mg/mL for gallic acid, tannic acid, butylated-hydroxyanisol and ascorbic acid respectively. In (BCB) assay, the extracts showed strong inhibition (55.55 -100.00% at 1 mg/mL) and the IC 50 values ranging from 0.123 to 0.850 mg/mL compared to 0.433 mg/mL for gallic acid. A dose dependant curve was obtained for all extracts in the FRAP assay. However, the antioxidant potencies of ascorbic acid and extracts were comparable at low concentrations. The majority of extracts showed the highest value of antioxidant activity, based on TAC test (0.073 -0.398 mg ascorbic acid / mg extract). Conclusion: The results indicate that Z. lotus roots could be an important sources of natural antioxidants.

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“…Of these herbal components, R. verniciflua appears to be the main active herb. The branches and sap from R. verniciflua contain active compounds such as urushiol, fustin, querce tin, butein and sulfuretin; the antioxidant [15] [16], antitumorigenic [17] and cytotoxic [18] effects of these compounds have been reported. The antiproliferative activity of Rv-PEM01 has been demonstrated in human, mouse, and canine cell lines [11] [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Effects of a Plant Extract Mixture Containing <i>Rhus verniciflua</i> and Other Herbs in Tumor Bearing Dogs

Clemente-Vicario¹,

Couto²,

Suruga³

et al. 2016

JCT

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Dog owners are increasingly seeking treatment when their pets develop cancers. As in human cancer patients, dogs with cancer are commonly treated with complementary and alternative therapies, including herbal medicines and nutritional supplements. A novel antitumor agent was developed from six different herbs including Rhus verniciflua (Rv-PEM01). The components were established from traditional herbal medicine and designed to affect antitumor activity and maintain host immune function. Previous studies identified anti-proliferative activity in human, murine and canine cancer cell lines. In this clinical study the safety and tolerability of Rv-PEM01 were evaluated in pet dogs with spontaneously occurring cancers. Twelve dogs were treated orally daily for 30 days in escalating dose (4 -10 mg/kg orally once daily) cohorts. Rv-PEM01 was well tolerated; only transient mild elevations in BUN were observed in 2 dogs. Although tumor response was not a primary endpoint for this study, stable disease was maintained for 30 days in 5 (42%) of the dogs. In conclusion, Rv-PEM01 was found to be safe and well tolerated in the dosage range tested. Future studies should evaluate higher dosages of Rv-PEM01 in dogs with cancer, and specifically address other potential benefits of Rv-PEM01 in canine cancer patients, including correlative assessments of immune function, quality of life and owner satisfaction.

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Extract from Rhus verniciflua Stokes is capable of inhibiting the growth of human lymphoma cells

Cited by 118 publications

References 16 publications

Butein Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Prostate Tumor GrowthIn VitroandIn Vivo

Butein Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Prostate Tumor GrowthIn VitroandIn Vivo

Study on the antioxidant activities of root extracts of Zizyphus lotus from the western region of Algeria

Clinical Effects of a Plant Extract Mixture Containing <i>Rhus verniciflua</i> and Other Herbs in Tumor Bearing Dogs

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Extract from Rhus verniciflua Stokes is capable of inhibiting the growth of human lymphoma cells

Cited by 118 publications

References 16 publications

Butein Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Prostate Tumor GrowthIn VitroandIn Vivo

Butein Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Prostate Tumor GrowthIn VitroandIn Vivo

Study on the antioxidant activities of root extracts of Zizyphus lotus from the western region of Algeria

Clinical Effects of a Plant Extract Mixture Containing &lt;i&gt;Rhus verniciflua&lt;/i&gt; and Other Herbs in Tumor Bearing Dogs

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Clinical Effects of a Plant Extract Mixture Containing <i>Rhus verniciflua</i> and Other Herbs in Tumor Bearing Dogs