Extraction and preparation of bamboo fibre-reinforced composites

Abstract

Natural plant fibre composites have been developed for the production of a variety of industrial products, with benefits including biodegradability and environmental protection. Bamboo fibre materials have attracted broad attention as reinforcement polymer composites due to their environmental sustainability, mechanical properties, and recyclability, and they can be compared with glass fibres. This review classifies and describes the various procedures that have been developed to extract fibres from raw bamboo culm. There are three main types of procedures: mechanical, chemical and combined mechanical and chemical extraction. Composite preparation from extracted bamboo fibres and various thermal analysis methods are also classified and analysed. Many parameters affect the mechanical properties and composite characteristics of bamboo fibres and bamboo composites, including fibre extraction methods, fibre length, fibre size, resin application, temperature, moisture content and composite preparation techniques. Mechanical extraction methods are more eco-friendly than chemical methods, and steam explosion and chemical methods significantly affect the microstructure of bamboo fibres. The development of bamboo fibre-reinforced composites and interfacial adhesion fabrication techniques must consider the type of matrix, the microstructure of bamboo and fibre extraction methods.

Tensile Testing of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composite

“…These fibers do not degrade and hence they create environmental problems. Because of these disadvantages, scientists are researching to replace these fibers by natural fibers [1].…”

A Review on the Tensile Properties of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

“…However, excess lignin hinders the extraction process, meaning the separation of individual fibres. Lignin remaining on the fiber surface after extraction creates strong but brittle fibers (Okubo et al 2004;Malkapuram et al 2009;Shi et al 2012;Zakikhani et al 2014). Several extraction methods produce different forms of bamboo fibers.…”

“…Generally, bamboo fibers can be extracted mechanically or chemically or by the combination of both methods. Figure 1 illustrates several extraction methods that are applied to bamboo culms, which are split into strips before extraction (Zakikhani et al 2014). Different methods vary the quality of fibers especially in strength.…”

“…Therefore, suitable extraction methods are needed to ensure that the maximum amount of lignin is removed from the fibers (Okubo et al 2004;Malkapuram et al 2009;Yueping et al 2010;Shi et al 2012;Zakikhani et al 2014). Zakikhani et al 2014) Several methods of extraction have been reported (Fig. 1).…”

Evaluating the Natural Fibre Reinforced Polymer Biocomposite for the Development of Novel Wound Dressing Materials

“…Bamboo significantly consists of cellulose fibre embedded in a lignin matrix; hence they are traditionally used as a material for the manufacture of tools. Bamboo naturally has high strength to weight ratio 4 . Other fibre called Kenaf is one of the natural (plant) fibre used as reinforcement in Polymer Matrix Composites (PMCs); it is well known for its rich cellulose fibre content 5 .…”