Extraction of indium(III) from sulphuric acid medium by the ionic liquid (PJMTH+HSO4−)

Dispersion-Free Extraction of In(III) from HCl Solutions Using a Supported Liquid Membrane Containing HA324H+Cl- Ionic Liquid as Carrier

“…The above being a consequence of its special properties and wide industrial uses, i,e., liquid-crystal displays (LCDs), electronics, catalysts, etc. Thus, the recovery of this element from the above sources is an important target, and several technologies had been proposed to resolve such a situation [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Dispersion-free extraction of In(III) from HCl solutions using a supported liquid membrane containing the HA324H+Cl− ionic liquid as the carrier

“…The above is a consequence of its special properties and wide range of industrial applications, i.e., liquid-crystal displays (LCDs), electronics, catalysts, etc. Thus, the recovery of this element from the above sources is an important target, and several technologies have been proposed to resolve this issue [1][2][3][4][5] , including ion-exchange 6 , adsorption 7 , cementation 8 , liquid-liquid extraction [9][10][11] , liquid membranes 12 and a process that uses a sequence of steps: leaching-distillation-refluxing in SOCl 2…”

Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Indium(III) from the HCl Medium by Ionic Liquid A327H+Cl− and Its Use in a Supported Liquid Membrane System

“…− [20]), or chloride-rich deep eutectic solvents [21]; in all the above cases, the extraction efficiencies of the different extractants were high, i.e., exceeding 95%, though the experimental conditions vary from one investigation to another, i.e., pH 2 [13] against a medium rich in HCl [15,19], a type of an acidic medium, i.e., HCl [16] against sulphuric acid [20], and varying extractant concentrations [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Ionic liquids are a group of chemicals, which are considered of interest in the field of liquid-liquid extraction due to the ability to react with metal compounds [22][23][24][25], and also due to their properties, such as low melting point, nonflammability, high thermal stability, and low vapor pressure; due to their non-volatile nature, they are called "green solvents", though there are voices claiming about their harmfulness and the toxicity associated with some of their components.…”