Extraction of nanogram amounts of cadmium and other metals from aqueous solution using hexamethyleneammonium hexamethylenedithiocarbamate as the chelating agent

Dornemann, A.; Kleist, H.

doi:10.1039/an9790401030

Cited by 26 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Busev et al (17) reported the extraction of 14 heavy metals in chloroform but did not indicate the concentration of metals. Dornemann et al (18) also reported the extraction of HMDC chelates using methyl isobutyl ketone and diisopropyl ketone (DIBK) as organic solvents. The parts-per-billion levels of Cd, Ni, Zn, Co, Mn, Cu (10 ppb) and P b (40 ppb) have been reported by Tao et al (19).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous determination of nickel, lead, zinc, and copper in citrus leaves and rice flour by liquid chromatography with hexamethylenedithiocarbamate extraction

Ichinoki¹,

Yamazaki²

1985

Anal. Chem.

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8) Tanaka, M.; Kawaguchi, Y.; Nakae, M.; Mlzobuchi, Y.; Shono, T. J . Chromatogr. 1984, 299, 341-350. (9) Tanaka, M.; Kawaguchi, Y.; Shono, T.; Uebori, M.; Kuge, Y. Reversed-phase llquld chromatography followed by solvent extraction with hexamethyleneammonlum hexamethylenedlthlocarbamate (HMA-HMDC) was carrkd out to determlne NI, Pb, Zn, and Cu In standard reference citrus leaves and rice flour. These samples (250 mg) were ashed wlth nltrlc acid and perchloric acid. The metals In the ash were extracted into chloroform as HMDC chelates which were then separated on a C 18 column and rnonltored at 260 nm. This method permitted Separation and determlnatlon of Cd-, NI-, Pb-, Zn-, Cu-, Hg-, Co-, and BI-HMDC chelates. Cd, Hg, Co, and BI could not be detected, but the microgram per gram levels of NI, Pb, Zn, and Cu In the standard blologlcal materials were simultaneously determined wlthln 25 min.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous determination of nickel, lead, zinc, and copper in citrus leaves and rice flour by liquid chromatography with hexamethylenedithiocarbamate extraction

Ichinoki¹,

Yamazaki²

1985

Anal. Chem.

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“…The filtered samples were stored at 4~ in the dark until analysis. Dissolved Cd, Cu and Zn were determined in the clean laboratory by atomic absorption spectroscopy after preconcentration in HMDC-DIPK, following the method of DORNEMANN and KLEIST (1979).…”

Section: General Water Quality and Dissolved Trace Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissolved and particulate trace metal geochemistry in the scheldt estuary, S. W. Netherlands (water column and sediments)

Zwolsman¹,

Eck

1993

Netherlands Journal of Aquatic Ecology

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The geochemistry of dissolved and particulate trace metals has been studied in the water column and the sediments of the Scheldt estuary between 1987 and 1990. A strong seasonal influence on the behaviour of dissolved Cd, Cu and Zn is observed, related to the redox conditions in the upper estuary and phytoplankton activity in the lower estuary (which are both seasonally dependent variables). The dissolved trace metal concentrations in the fresh water end-member are remarkably low during spring and summer, due to metal sulphide precipitation in the anoxic Scheldt river. However, the dissolved concentrations increase rapidly with increasing salinity, due to oxidation of metal sulphides that are present in the suspended matter, accompanied by (e.g. chloro-)complexation of the released metals. Readsorption of Cd and Zn occurs in the lower estuary during the spring phytoplankton bloom. During winter, when the Scheldt river is not completely anoxic, much higher dissolved trace metal concentrations are observed in the fresh water end-member since metal sulphide precipitation in the water column is precluded. Rapid trace metal removal is observed in the low salinity, high turbidity zone, due to adsorption onto suspended matter and freshly precipitated iron and manganese oxyhydroxides. Upon further mixing, desorption is apparent, due to a similar oxidation-complexation mechanism as observed during spring and summer. Pore water infusion may also contribute to the enrichment of dissolved Cd, Cu and Zn in the mid-estuarine region. The trace metal contents of the suspended matter and the sediments show a continuous decrease with increasing salinity. This behaviour is to a very large extent due to physical mixing of contaminated fluvial particulates and relatively unpolluted marine particulates. Desorption of Cd, Cu and Zn can be identified but is of minor importance compared to the conservative mixing process. The distribution of dissolved Cd, Cu and Zn in the pore waters of the mid-estuarine region reflects the impact of early diagenetic processes. Trace metal peaks are observed near the sediment-water interface, and at greater depth in the manganese and iron reduction zones. These peaks are attributed to oxidation of reduced trace metal compounds (e.g. sulphides) and reduction of the (iron and manganese) oxide carrier phases, respectively. At greater depth, the dissolved trace metal concentrations are much lower due to metal sulphide precipitation in the sulphate reduction zone. Analysis of a large sediment dataset indicates severe trace metal pollution of the Scheldt estuary at the end of the fifties. A major reduction of the pollution by As, Cr, Hg, Pb, and Zn has occurred in the seventies, and of Cd and Cu in the eighties. The Ni pollution has increased over the time period considered. In spite of this improvement, the present-day pollution status of the Scheldt estuary is still reason for concern.

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“…Different organic ligands have been used for extraction of metal ions into organic solvents: dithiocarbamates, quinolinoles, dithizone, etc. [8][9][10] For this system diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) was chosen as the most suitable extraction agent due to its high binding affinity for many of the metals of interest, and theoretically allowing the metals to be extracted at a conveniently low solution pH, see results of calculations in electronic supplementary information{. The theoretical considerations reveal that under acid conditions with a pH of 0.3 the ratios between DDC complexed metal in a 4-methylpentan-2-one (methyl-isobutylketone, MIBK) phase and metal in an aqueous phase are several orders of magnitude lower than 1 for Fe and Mn and several orders of magnitudes higher than 1 for the metals Cd, Pb, Ag, Ni, Cu and Hg.…”

Section: Solvent Extraction Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated on-line solvent extraction and AAS-graphite furnace determination of trace metals in difficult matrices

Mosbæk

Holm

Tjell

2003

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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Extraction of nanogram amounts of cadmium and other metals from aqueous solution using hexamethyleneammonium hexamethylenedithiocarbamate as the chelating agent

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Simultaneous determination of nickel, lead, zinc, and copper in citrus leaves and rice flour by liquid chromatography with hexamethylenedithiocarbamate extraction

Simultaneous determination of nickel, lead, zinc, and copper in citrus leaves and rice flour by liquid chromatography with hexamethylenedithiocarbamate extraction

Dissolved and particulate trace metal geochemistry in the scheldt estuary, S. W. Netherlands (water column and sediments)

Automated on-line solvent extraction and AAS-graphite furnace determination of trace metals in difficult matrices

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